Gut Reactions
Pain from this inflammatory bowel condition is most commonly felt in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen.
“What is diverticulitis?”
Rationale:
The sigmoid colon—common site of diverticula—lies in the LLQ.
Weak urinary stream, hesitancy, and dribbling are examples of these types of urinary symptoms associated with BPH.
“What are voiding symptoms?”
Rationale:
Obstruction from prostate enlargement blocks urine flow.
These oils are unsaturated fats, however they have high levels of omega 6 and if consumed is excess, may increase inflammation in the body.
"What are seed oils?" (Soybean, vegetable, canola, etc.)
Rationale: Seed oils are unsaturated, but are usually rancid by the time people consume them. They are found in a huge percentage of foods in the American diet leading to excessive consumption of these oils.
When people with this disease eat gluten, their immune system overreacts and attacks the villi, the tiny finger-like projections lining the small intestine.
"What is Celiac Disease?"
Rationale: Clients with Celiac Disease are unable to tolerate gluten because it causes the immune system to attack the small intestines, leading to malabsorption of nutrients from food.
This type of bowel obstruction may be due to conditions that may block the intestinal lumen, such as adhesions (scar tissue), hernias, intussusception, volvulus, and tumors.
"What is mechanical obstruction?"
Rationale: Mechanical obstructions occur when something blocks the intestinal lumen and prevents stool from passing through the digestive tract.
This imaging modality, especially when performed with contrast, is the gold standard for diagnosing diverticulitis.
“What is a CT scan?”
Rationale:
CT detects inflammation, perforation, and abscesses.
This surgical procedure, the most common for BPH, removes obstructive prostate tissue via the urethra.
“What is TURP (Transurethral Resection of the Prostate)?”
Rationale:
TURP effectively decreases urinary obstruction by removing excess tissue.
This condition is a cluster of conditions that include three or more of the following symptoms: increased waist circumference, hypertension, elevated blood triglycerides and fasting blood glucose, and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
"What is Metabolic Syndrome?"
Rationale: Metabolic syndrome is an identified risk factor for atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
These three ingredients must be avoided by clients with Celiac disease.
"What is wheat, barley, and rye?"
Rationale: Clients with Celiac Disease must avoid foods containing wheat, barley and rye to avoid flare ups.
This type of obstruction occurs due to the inability of peristalsis to propel intestinal contents forward.
"What is functional obstruction (AKA Paralytic Ileus)?"
Rationale: In paralytic ileus, the intestinal muscles are adynamic and unable to propel contents forward. This condition may occur after surgery and with certain drugs.
During the acute phase of diverticulitis, patients should avoid fiber and follow this type of diet to reduce bowel activity.
“What are clear liquids?” (or “What is a low-residue diet?”)
Rationale: Bowel rest helps decrease inflammation.
This androgen derivative is the hormone primarily responsible for prostate enlargement in BPH.
“What is dihydrotestosterone (DHT)?”
Rationale:
DHT stimulates prostate cell proliferation.
This condition may occur as a complication in patients who have undergone a restrictive weight loss surgery. In this condition, high-carbohydrate stomach contents move rapidly through the small intestine, drawing fluid into the intestine by osmosis. The patient experiences nausea, bloating, abdominal pain, weakness, sweating, and sometimes syncope.
"What is dumping syndrome?"
Rationale: Dumping syndrome occurs in many patients after having a restrictive weight loss surgery such as gastric banding or gastric bypass surgery.
Although symptoms can vary dramatically between individuals, these 3 digestive symptoms are common.
"What is chronic diarrhea, abdominal pain, foul-smelling or fatty stools, bloating, gas, and weight loss?"
Rationale: Celiac disease causes both digestive system and non-digestive system symptoms.
With a bowel obstruction, as intestinal content accumulates, the bowel becomes distended, reducing blood flow and increasing the risk of these two potentially deadly complications.
"What is necrosis and perforation?"
Rationale: Necrosis and perforation can occur due to the build up of blocked contents in the intestine creating increased pressure that cuts off the blood supply to the intestinal wall.
To prevent flare-ups of diverticulitis, those with diverticulosis should be sure to get enough of this in their diet.
“What is fiber?”
Rationale:
Consuming a high fiber diet prevents constipation, reduces internal pressure on the colon walls, and lowers the risk of developing diverticulitis.
Medications in this drug class relax smooth muscle of the prostate and bladder neck to improve urinary flow.
“What are alpha-adrenergic blockers?”
Rationale:
They reduce resistance at the bladder outlet.
For this reason it is common for dumping syndrome to occur after a restrictive gastric weight loss surgery.
"What is because the gastric surgery alters or bypasses the pyloric sphincter?"
Rationale: The pyloric sphincter is the natural valve at the bottom of the stomach that regulates how fast food enters the small intestine.
This substance must be avoided in the diet of clients with Celiac disease and can be hidden in soy sauce, beer, soups, and certain medications and cosmetics.
"What is gluten?"
Rationale: Gluten can be hidden in a wide range of foods, medications and personal hygiene products such as cosmetics.
Early ambulation and mobilization after surgery to stimulate intestinal motility is one of the best ways to prevent this post operative complication.
"What is paralytic ileus?"
Early ambulation and mobilization after surgery helps wake the bowels up by triggering peristalsis.
This diagnostic procedure should NOT be performed during acute diverticulitis because it increases the risk of colon perforation.
“What is a colonoscopy?”
Rationale:
Air insufflation can rupture an inflamed diverticulum.
Finasteride belongs to a class of drugs that treats baldness and shrinks the prostate by preventing this male hormone from being converted into dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
"What testosterone?"
Rationale: Finasteride blocks the 5-alpha reductase enzyme which converts testosterone into DHT. By blocking this enzyme, testosterone is prevented from being converted into DHT.
Although many older adults experience a decline in physical activity level and have lower calorie needs, older adults need more of these 3 vitamins.
"What are vitamin D, vitamin B12, and vitamin B6?"
Rationale: Older adults have unique nutritional requirements due to the physical and functional changes that occur with aging (i.e., decreased absorption, processing and synthesizing nutrients occurs due to age-related physiological changes).
If a client with Celiac disease cannot absorb enteral nutrients, nutrition may be provided by this route instead.
"What is parenteral nutrition?"
Rationale: Parenteral Nutrition is another means by which we may be able to provide nutrition to a patient who can not consume nutrients orally. This form of nutrition is introduced into the veins and differs from standard IV therapy in that any or all nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, electrolytes, and trace elements) can be given.
This type of bowel obstruction requires immediate surgery, as the risk for peritonitis infection is greatly increased due to compromised blood flow that can be life-threatening.
"What is strangulated obstruction (obstruction with compromised blood flow that can be life-threatening)?"
Rationale: With a strangulated obstruction, major blood loss into the intestine and the peritoneum may occur. Sepsis and bleeding can result in an increase in intraabdominal pressure (IAP) or acute compartment syndrome.