Ch 12
The body generates water during the:
a. Buffering of acids
b. Dismantling of bone
c. Metabolism of minerals
d. Oxidation of energy nutrients through the electron transport chain
Oxidation of energy nutrients through the electron transport chain
Which would provide the most potassium?
a. Bologna
b. Potatoes
c. Pickles
d. Whole-wheat bread
Potatoes
Which of the following is not a risk factor for osteoporosis?
a. Overweight
b. Cigarette smoking
c. Sedentary lifestyle
d. Inadequate dietary calcium and vitamin D
Overweight
Iron absorption is impaired by:
a. Heme
b. Phytates
c. Vitamin C
d. MFP factor
Phytates
The mineral best known for its role as an antioxidant is:
a. Copper
b. Selenium
c. Manganese
d. Molybdenum
Selenium
Regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance and acid-base balance depends primarily on the:
a. Kidneys
b. Intestines
c. Sweat glands
d. Specialized tear ducts
Kidneys
Calcium homeostasis depends on:
a. Vitamin K, aldosterone, and renin
b. Vitamin K, parathyroid hormone, and renin
c. Vitamin D, aldosterone, and calcitonin
d. Vitamin D, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone
Vitamin D, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone
Which of these people is least likely to develop an iron deficiency?
a. 3-year-old boy
b. 52-year-old man
c. 17-year-old girl
d. 24-year-old woman
52-year-old man
Fluorosis occurs when fluoride:
a. Is excessive
b. Is inadequate
c. Binds with phosphorus
d. Interacts with calcium
Is excessive
The distinction between the major and trace minerals reflects the:
a. Ability of their ions to form salts
b. Amounts of their contents in the body
c. Importance of their functions in the body
d. Capacity to retain their identity after absorption
Amounts of their contents in the body
Calcium absorption is hindered by:
a. Lactose
b. Oxalates
c. Vitamin D
d. Stomach acid
Oxalates
Which provides the most absorbable iron?
a. 1 apple
b. 1 cup milk
c. 3 ounces steak
d. ½ cup spinach
3 ounces steak
Which mineral enhances insulin activity?
a. Zinc
b. Iodine
c. Chromium
d. Manganese
Chromium
The principal cation in extracellular fluids is:
a. Sodium
b. Chloride
c. Potassium
d. Phosphorus
Sodium
Phosphorus assists in many activities in the body, but not:
a. Energy metabolism
b. The clotting of blood
c. The transport of lipids
d. Bone and teeth formation
The clotting of blood
A classic sign of zinc deficiency is:
a. Anemia
b. Goiter
c. Mottled teeth
d. Growth retardation
Growth retardation
Which of the following does lead not compete with?
a. Iron
b. Zinc
c. Fluoride
d. Calcium
Fluoride
The role of chloride in the stomach is to help:
a. Support nerve impulses
b. Convey hormonal messages
c. Maintain a strong acidity
d. Assist in muscular contractions
Maintain a strong acidity
Most of the body’s magnesium can be found in the:
a. Bones
b. Nerves
c. Muscles
d. Extracellular fluids
Bones
Cretinism is caused by a deficiency of:
a. Iron
b. Zinc
c. Iodine
d. Selenium
Iodine
Examples of phytochemicals include:
a. LDL and DNA
b. Lycopene and lutein
c. Soybeans and flaxseeds
d. Carcinogens and goitrogens
Lycopene and lutein