simple sugars, including glucose, fructose and galactose, that consist of a single ring of atoms and are the building blocks for other carbohydrates, such as disaccharides and starch
What is monosaccharides
100
a group of carbohydrates that are sweet and occur naturally in plants; are used in a wide variety of low-carbohydrate foods to provide bulk and texture; they are slowly and incompletely absorbed.
What is sugar replacers (polyols)
100
sensations perceived by the taste buds on the tongue
What is taste
100
a grain that contains the endosperm, germ and bran
What is whole grain
100
non-caloric, organic nutrients found in a wide variety of foods that are essential in small quantities to regulate body processes, maintain the body, and allow growth and reproduction.
What is vitamins
200
hardening and thickening of the cornea that can lead to blindness usually caused by a deficiency of vitamin A
What is xerophthalmia
200
cooking slowly in a small amount of fat over low or moderate heat without browning
What is sweating
200
the folding and twisting of the protein chain that makes the protein able to perform its functions in the body
What is tertiary structure
200
foods as we get them from nature
What is whole foods
200
the form of vitamin D found in animal foods
What is vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol)
300
a condition in which the cornea of the eye becomes dry and cloudy; often due to a deficiency of vitamin A
What is xerosis
300
the pressure of blood within the arteries when the heart is pumping- the top blood pressure number.
What is systolic pressure
300
the energy needed to digest and absorb food
What is thermic effect of food
300
a group of vitamins that are soluble in water and are not stored appreciably in the body; include vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, panthothenic acid, and biotin.
What is water soluble vitamins
300
tiny finger-like projections in the wall of the small intestines that are involved in absorption
What is villi
400
a seasoned liquid used before cooking to flavor and moisten foods; usually based on an acidic ingedient.
What is marinade
400
a triglyceride made of mostly monosaturated fatty acids
What is monosaturated fat
400
a gland found on either side of the trachea that produces and secretes 2 important hormones that regulate the level of metabolism
What is thyroid gland
400
clusters of cells found on the tongue, cheeks, throat, and roof of the mouth. each houses 60 to 100 receptor cells. the body regenerates these cells about every 3 days. these cells bind food molecules dissolved in saliva and alert the brain the interpret them
What is taste buds
400
lipoproteins made by the liver to carry triglycerides and some cholesterol through the body
What is very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
500
the process of finding out what customers need and want and then developing, promoting and selling the products and services they desire
What is marketing
500
occurs when the blood supply to parts of the heart muscle itself- the myocardium- is severely reduced or stopped
What is myocardial infarction (heart attack)
500
triglycerides with only one fatty acid
What is monoglycerides
500
the process of maintaining the proper amount of water in each of three body "compartments"; inside the cells, outside the cells, and in the blood vessels.
What is water balance
500
individuals eating a type of vegetarian diet in which no eggs, or dairy products are eaten; their diet relies exclusively on plant foods