Basic Nutrition
What is a calorie?
The amount of energy food provides
What does BMR stand for?
Basal metabolic rate
What is a nutrient
Nutrients are chemical substances found in food that are necessary for growth, repair, and maintenance of body functions
What nutrient is our main source of energy?
Carbohydrates
What are vitamins?
Essential to the nutrition of most animals and some plants in the regulation of metabolic processes
How many calories are in a pound of fat?
3,500
What does BMI stand for?
Body Mass Index
True or false: No single food supplies ALL the nutrients the body needs to function
True
What is the purpose of protein?
Building, repairing, and maintenance of tissue (build muscle)
What are minerals for?
Essential to sustain life
Vital to all mental & physical processes & for total well-being
What is an empty calorie food?
A lot of calories with little to no nutritional value
What is the purpose of BMI?
It calculates your body weight based on height and age.
What is the most important Nutrient?
Water
What does fiber do? What are some sources of fiber?
Acts like a rake to move food through intestines
Good sources of fiber → whole wheat, fruits, veggies, beans, nuts
What vitamins are fat soluble and not needed daily?
Fat-Soluble
Stored in body fat
Don’t need daily
A
D
E
K
What is metabolism?
The rate at which your body burns the calories / energy from food
What is BMR?
The amount of calories your body burns at rest.
How much of your body is made up of water and how much should you drink in a day?
2/3 and 1/2 your body weight
What is the main source of STORED ENERGY
Fats
What vitamins are water soluble and needed daily?
Water-Soluble
Dissolve in water
Need daily
B’s
C
List 5 factors that effect your caloric needs.
Age
Gender
Body Weight
Activity Level
Climate
Health
Metabolism
What are 5 factors that affect your BMR?
Genetics
Gender (males burn more calories)
Age (slows as we age)
Weight (the heavier, the higher the metabolism)
Body fat % (more muscle = higher metabolism)
Diet (eating revs it up; not eating slows it down)
Outside Temp (cold increases metabolism)
Thyroid Gland (can speed or slow)
Exercise (increases metabolism)
What are the 6 essential nutrients?
Water, Protein, Carbohydrates, Fats, Vitamins, Minerals
What are the two types of carbohydrates and whats the difference?
Simple and complex, complex takes longer to break down
How many types of fats are there? What are they? Which one is the best? Which one is the worst?
3. unsaturated (Best), Saturated, Trans (Worst)