Safe Food Handling
Get Cookin'
Food Storage
Kitchen Vocab
Use By...
100
In order to properly wash your hands, what is the minimum amount of time you should wash your hands under running water?
- 20 seconds or sing "Happy Birthday" twice
- Antibacterial hand gel should not be used if hands are visibly soiled
- Hands should be washed often in warm, soapy water throughout the meal prep especially after handling raw meats and eggs to help prevent the spread of bacteria
100
A fruit with enzymes that naturally tenderize meat.
Kiwi, Pineapple, or Papaya
- Fresh fruit is best as enzymes can be denatured in processes like canning. Other forms of tenderizing include mechanical tenderization (ex. meat mallet) and thermal tenderization (ex. heat from slow cooker).
100
What is the max temp your refrigerator should be maintained?
Below 40 degrees F. Bacteria multiplies most rapidly between 40 degrees F and 140 degrees F.
100
A menu item that is priced individually, rather than as a part of a meal.
A la carte
100
How long should you keep deli meats (from the deli) on average?
- 5-6 days
- Common traits of bad deli meat: wet, slimy exterior, sour smell, mold; grayish or brownish color on the perimeter of bologna and hard salami
- Hard cheese can be kept 3-4 weeks and soft cheese for 1 week
200
How can frozen meats, seafood, and poultry be defrosted safely?
1) In the fridge: remember to cover raw meat and place it on the bottom shelf so raw juices don't drip onto other foods.
2) Under COLD running water
3) The microwave: these foods must be cooked immediately afterward
200
What are the correct order of ingredients when breading food with breadcrumbs, flour, and eggs?
1) Flour
2) Egg wash - beat egg plus 1-2 tbsp of water, milk
3) Breadcrumbs
200
Where should milk be stored in the fridge?
On an interior shelf of the fridge towards the back. Fridge door has most temp fluctuations with frequent opening.
200
Method of cooking by exposing food to direct radiant heat, either on a grill over live coals or below a gas burner or electric coil. Food is turned during the process as to cook one side at a time under high temperatures.
Broiling
200
Bakeries color code their twist ties indicating what?
Day of the week the bread is packaged. Major bakeries deliver daily except Wed and Sun and use the following:
Monday = Blue
Tuesday = Green
Thursday = Red
Friday = White
Saturday = Yellow
300
True/False: Fresh fruits and vegetables should be diced then washed before being consumed.
False! Fresh produce should be washed before being cut to prevent bacteria from the outside getting into the fruit
300
True/False: A bread knife should be serrated.
True! When using serrated knife, we use a sawing motion which cuts through the bread without smushing it.
300
What is the max amount of time perishable food (meat, dairy, leftovers) should be left out before being refrigerated?
- 2 hours
- Refrigerate as soon as possible
- In hot weather (90 degrees F or warmer), this time is reduced to one hour
- Time starts before you leave the grocery store
300
What is this called?
A wok! A bowl-shaped frying pan used typically in Chinese cooking
300
By when does raw chicken stored in the refrigerator need to be cooked? How long can you keep cooked chicken leftovers in the refrigerator?
- Cook raw chicken within 1-2 days
- Freeze chicken immediately if you do not plan to use it within two days after purchasing
- Some common traits of bad meat: dull, slimy, gray flesh, and a sour smell. *Beef will change from a reddish color to a brown or gray color.
- Cooked chicken and beef can be kept 3-4 days in the refrigerator
400
Two ways to prevent cross-contamination while preparing a meal.
- Wash hands frequently between tasks
- Use two cutting boards, one strictly for M, S, P and another for ready-to-eat foods
- Handle M, S, P with only one hand at a time
- Move contaminated cookware away from prep area once M, S, P cooking is underway
- Cook to proper temperatures
- Refrigerate promptly below 40 degrees F
400
Should poultry be washed/rinsed before cooking?
No. Washing poultry before cooking isn't necessary because proper cooking will destroy bacteria of concern. Also, rinsing the poultry can potentially cross-contaminate other surfaces or foods. No need to introduce raw chicken to sink and other kitchen surfaces!
400
True/False: Bread should be stored in the fridge to keep it fresh longer.
False! Bread dries out fasted in the fridge. It can be stored at room temperature or in the freezer. Storing tortillas in the fridge, however, will extend the quality by ~3 weeks.
400
Process that occurs when carbs like sugar are heated, causing them to turn brown.
Carmelization
400
True/False: White rice has an indefinite shelf life while brown rice can keep 6-8 months past its printed date.
True!
- Brown rice contains fatty acids that can oxidize. Discard brown rice that is oily and gives off a rancid color.
- Shelf life can be extended to 8-12 months past printed date if refrigerated.
- Cooked brown rice can be kept 4-5 days in the refrigerator. White rice can be kept 5-7 days.
500
True/False: You should use hot water when hand washing dishes to kill bacteria that might be present.
False! The temp required to kill bacteria would burn your hands. Washing with warm water is recommended as it helps remove food scraps and proper washing but not sanitizing. This is important to know so you don't think running hot water on something was sufficient, but you should use warm water for best cleaning.
500
When boiling water, what does adding salt do?
Makes the water boil at a higher temperature. Adding salt to water also adds flavor to water, which is absorbed by the food. What foods might we salt the water for?
500
True/False: When placed in the fridge, bananas ripen more quickly and become brown.
False! Refrigeration slows the ripening process of the bananas, however the skin will become brown more quickly. This does not indicate ripeness as when stored at room temperature.
500
A thickener for sauces and soups that combines equal parts flour and butter.
Roux
500
True/False: Unopened reduced fat milk can be used up to 7 days past the printed sell by date.
True! Always use your senses to tell if a product is safe to consume.