#1
what is an Antioxidant
A substance that protects cells from damage caused by harmful molecules
what is Enriched foods
Food that has nutrients added back after processing.
what is Free radical
An unstable molecule that can damage cells by reacting quickly with other substances.
what is phytochemicals
Natural compounds found in plants that may support health.
what is rickets
A childhood bone disorder caused by long‑term vitamin D deficiency, leading to soft, weak, or deformed bones.
what is beriberi
A disease caused by not getting enough vitamin B1 (thiamine)
what are Epithelial cells
Cells that cover and protect the surfaces of your body, both inside and out.
what is Night blindness
Difficulty seeing in low light or darkness, often caused by a lack of vitamin A.
what is the Placebo effect
A change in how someone feels simply because they believe a treatment will work, even if it has no active medicine.
what is scurvy
A condition that develops when the body doesn’t get enough vitamin C.
what is Coagulation
The process of blood thickening and forming a clot
what is Erythrocyte hemolysis
The breaking or destruction of red blood cells.
what is osteomalacia
Softening of the bones caused by a long‑term lack of vitamin D.
what are prebiotics
Nondigestible fibers that feed the helpful bacteria in your gut.
what is toxicity
refers to how harmful a substance is to living organisms.
what is a coenzyme
A small molecule that helps an enzyme do its job.
what are Fat-soluble vitamins
A vitamin that your body absorbs and stores in fat.
what is pellagra
A disease caused by not getting enough niacin (vitamin B3).
what are probiotics
Live beneficial bacteria that support a healthy digestive system.
what is a vitamin
A natural substance found in food that helps the body grow, stay healthy, and carry out important functions.
what is collagen
A strong protein that gives structure and support to skin, bones, and connective tissues.
what are Fortified foods
Food that has extra nutrients added to improve its nutritional value.
what is pernicious anemia
A type of anemia caused by the body not absorbing enough vitamin B12.
what is a provitamin
A substance that the body can convert into a vitamin.
what are Water-Soluble vitamins
vitamins that dissolve in water and are not stored in large amounts in the body.