history 1
Which Enlightenment thinker proposed three branches of government and a checks and balances system?
Baron de Montesquieu
Causes of the French Revolution
Rising Bread Prices, debt, war, social class system, unfair taxes
17th century English philosopher who opposed the Divine Right of Kings and who asserted that people have a natural right to life, liberty, and property.
John Locke
natural rights of citizens
Life, Liberty, and Property
The revolution that began in 1789, overthrew the absolute monarchy of the Bourbons and the system of aristocratic privileges, and ended with Napoleon's overthrow of the Directory and seizure of power in 1799
French Revolution
All human beings are born free and equal with a right to life liberty and property. It is the duty of the government to protect the natural rights of its citizens.
Enlightenment ideas
French Revolution document that outlined what the National Assembly considered to be the natural rights of all people and the rights that they possessed as citizens
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
French Revolutionary assembly (1789-1791). Called first as the Estates General, the three estates came together and demanded radical change. It passed the Declaration of the Rights of Man in 1789.
National Assembly
-basic human rights won growing exceptance during the Enlightenment
Americans won independence from Britain
French overthrew their monarch
-New approaches for education
-state-run conservatory of music in Paris
American and French Revolutions
Between 1804 and 1814
- expansion of his empire through force
- took over all of Europe except England & Russia
Napoleon's Conquests
(1814-1815 CE) Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon.
Congress of Vienna
Napoleon invaded Russia for violating the Continental System
French were defeated by the harsh Russian winter
Napoleon's defeat in Russia
began with the the rebellion in Latin America was Napoleon's invasion of Spain. He expelled the Spanish king and replaced him with his brother Joseph. Latin american leaders saw Spain's weakness as an opportunity to reject foreign domination and declare independence
South American Independence
WHO is remembered today as the greatest leader of South American independence. Highly influenced by the examples of the United States, the French Revolution and Napoleon, he led a massive revolt against Spanish colonial rule in South America, beginning in 1810.
Simion Bolivar
what were the Latin American Revolutions
Political revolutions in various Latin American countries beginning in the late 18th century. These revolutions were aimed at overthrowing the European powers that controlled these nations. Many were successful, but few achieved the success of the American Revolution.
what was the Reign of Terror
This was the period in France where Robespierre ruled and used revolutionary terror to solidify the home front. He tried rebels and they were all judged severely and most were executed.
What were the Effects of the French Revolution
Rise of Napoleon, development of nationalism, inspired Latin American revolutions
what were the Effects of the Enlightenment
Effects of the Enlightenment
- French Revolution
- American Revolution Declaration of Independence
- Increase in representative government
- Questioning monarchies all over Europe
- Napoleon
- Liberty
- Religious Freedom
- Natural Rights the Social Contract
Who started the French Revolution
Third Estate
Why did the third estate started the French Revolution
Because they wanted a say in governments
Which Enlightenment thinker advocated for absolutism in government?
Thomas Hobbes
Which act sanctioned/ closed off lands in the country?
The Enclosure Act of 1801
Which rulers were in power at the time of the French Revolution?
Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
What were the Catholic Church's views on the Scientific Revolution?
The Church opposed the Scientific Revolution- the ideas contradicted the Church's teachings and went against their beliefs.
Where did the Haitian Revolution start?
Saint-Domingue