Characteristics of Life
Q: What is the smallest unit of matter that still has the properties of an element?
A: What is an atom?
Q: This organelle is known as the "powerhouse of the cell."
A: What is the mitochondria?
Q: This is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration without using energy.
A: What is diffusion?
Q: This simple sugar is the main source of energy for cells.
A: What is glucose?
Q: Enzymes are made of this type of molecule.
A: What are proteins?
Q: Name the correct order of complexity from smallest to largest.
A: What is atom → molecule → organelle → cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism?
Q: The difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that eukaryotes have this structure.
A: What is a nucleus?
Q: When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what happens to the cell?
A: What is the cell shrinks because water leaves the cell?
Q: Write the basic equation for aerobic cellular respiration.
A: What is O₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆ → CO₂ + H₂O + ATP?
Q: Chemical messengers that travel through the blood to control body functions are called this.
A: What are hormones?
Q: Living things use this to perform all life functions like growth and movement.
A: What is energy? (ATP!)
Q: Name the organelle that captures light energy and makes food through photosynthesis.
A: What are chloroplasts?
Q: Define osmosis.
A: What is the special type of diffusion where water molecules move across a cell membrane?
Q: Anaerobic respiration produces this type of acid in muscles during intense exercise.
A: What is lactic acid?
Q: Explain what antibiotic resistance is and how it develops.
A: What is when bacteria survive exposure to antibiotics and can no longer be killed by that medicine, which occurs when antibiotics are overused or misused?
Q: A group of similar cells working together to perform a specific function is called this.
A: What is a tissue?
Q: This structure controls what enters and exits the cell?
A: What is the cell membrane?
Q: In an isotonic solution, what happens to the cell's size?
A: What is the cell stays the same size because water moves in and out equally?
Q: Explain why cells use anaerobic respiration even though it produces less ATP.
A: What is because oxygen delivery to muscles cannot keep up with the demand, and anaerobic respiration is faster?
Q: This is the process where organisms with traits well-suited to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce.
A: What is natural selection?
Q: Define what an organism is.
A: What is an individual living thing that can carry out all life processes on its own?
Q: Explain why plant cells have cell walls but animal cells do not.
A: What is that plant cells need extra structure and support, while animal cells have flexibility for movement?
Q: A cell is placed in a hypotonic solution. Predict what will happen and explain why.
A: What is the cell will swell because water enters the cell to balance the concentration?
Q: Name two products of fermentation in yeast and bacteria.
A: What is alcohol and carbon dioxide?
Q: What is the difference between positive and negative feedback?
Positive Feedback: when the result of a process causes _more_ of that process to happen.
Negative Feedback: the result of a process causes _less_ of that process to happen.