Verbals
Active or Passive?
Insert the word
Substitute words
100
Make the correct form of the verb in brackets:
A number of effective methods exist for (to prevent) or (to reduce) flood damage
preventing; reducing
100
To obtain water from an unconfined aquifer, a water table well must (to drill) below the water table and into the unconfined aquifer.
be drilled
100
Canada is the country with the longest ... which is 56,453 miles long.
coastline
100
Paste in the missing word:
The atmosphere feeds the flame of life exactly as ______ does that of the fire.
1. one
2. it
3. that
2
200
Which of the sentences has the absolute adverbial construction?
1. Total amount of fresh water consumed increased to 100 billion gallons per day, with irrigation in the western states accounting for about 80% of the total.
2. When focused on issues of climate change, the same physical principles are at work.
3. Variations of salinity and temperature with depth change the density of the seawater, creating the pycnocline.
4. The air being warm and moist at the surface, stratiform cloud com-monly develops.
1,4
200
Glaciers and ice sheets both (to affect) and (to affect) by changes in Earth's climate.
affect; are affected
200
The Bay of Fundy on the Atlantic cost of North America witnesses the difference of 53 feet and 6 inches ..., highest anywhere in the world.
tides
200
What is the function of the word "those" in the following sentence?
First of all, we restrict ourselves to numerical models, specifically THOSE designed to be solved with computers.
substitute for MODELS
300
Choose the correct translation of the first part of the sentence:
The fog having vanished for some moments, it proved possible to determine the position of the ship.
1. Если бы туман рассеялся на некоторое время ...
2. Когда туман рассеялся на некоторое время ...
3. Пока туман не рассеется на некоторое время ...
2
300
This year some indications (to find) of the southward flow to about lat. 23 N, but no clear evidence for a boundary current flow (to be) available between there and the equator.
have been found; has been/is
300
Every day a couple of hundred earthquakes occur ... the Earth. Fortunately, most of them in the ..., especially in the regions such as the unstable seabed near Indonesia, where continents, which are floating on magma, rub against ... other.
on; oceans; each
300
In which sentence is there the emphatic construction?
1. Given particular conditions, it is expected that the sea ice in the North Pole region will completely melt in the summer.
2. It is clear that flood protection measures should be given due attention.
3. It is the presence of the atmosphere that makes the surface temperature much more comfortable.
4. Thus it is seen that the limitation by the plants and the soil on the evaporation often extends the true evaporating surface.
4
400
Name the verbals in italics
The resulting land degradation contributes to the severity of long-term drought by reducing the amount of rainfall absorbed and slowly released by vegetation and soils.
Participle 1; gerund; participle 2; participle 2
400
Make the correct consequence of inserted verbs:
An intensive study across long periods (...) that deep ocean temperatures (...) at levels scientists (...) significant, though not as rapidly as climate change (...) land temperatures.
1. deem
2. shows
3. has affected
4. are rising
2-4-1-3
400
Do you know the name of the longest mountain range on the Earth? Let me give you some hints, the Andes mountain range is 7,000 miles long, the Himalayas are 2,500 miles and the Rockies are 3,000 miles long, but the ... which winds round the globe is more than 45,000 miles long.
Mid-Ocean Ridge
400
Which sentences are impersonal?
1. It is unified only by the end goal: to understand the physical processes governing our natural world.
2. One of the most interesting aspects of these simple models is that they already produce multiple equilibria.
3. It has been shown that the globally averaged surface temperature is now warmer than it has been for at least 150 years.
4. In connection with what was said above, one may make a few re-marks regarding the notation of “storage coefficient”.
3,4
500
Make the correct form of participles if the translation is "так как образовался"
Ice was sighted floating at sea (to form) either upon the salt water itself or upon the land.
having (been) formed
500
Make the sentenсe passive:
In 2021, new research indicated that soon the ocean might not absorb carbon dioxide or on the contrary emit it.
In 2021, in the new research it was indicated that soon carbon dioxide might not be absorbed by the ocean or on the contrary be emitted by it.
500
Benjamin Franklin was the first to conduct the scientific study of the ... . In 1769-1770, together with his cousin Timothy Folger, who happened to be a whaler and the captain of a Nantucket merchant ship published its first map.
Gulf Stream
500
Name the functions of the words in bold
It is difficult to say which one of these three flows that we considered in out study is the most important.
subject (impersonal construction); substitute; conjunction