Cycle
A client trying to conceive asks a nurse why the timing of her cycle can be unpredictable. The nurse correctly explains that the length of which phase is known to be variable?
A.Ischemic phase
B.Follicular phase
C.Luteal phase
D.Secretory phase
B.Follicular phase
At the initial prenatal visit, a nurse spends significant time collecting a patient's complete health history and obstetric history. What is the primary rationale for this comprehensive assessment?
A.To establish the estimated date of delivery using Naegele's Rule.
B.To fulfill insurance and billing documentation requirements.
C.To determine which vaccines the patient will need during the pregnancy.
D.To identify potential risk factors that may affect the course of the pregnancy.
D.To identify potential risk factors that may affect the course of the pregnancy.
A client at 28 weeks gestation has a fundal height measurement of 34 cm. This discrepancy may be caused by several factors. Which of the following is a potential cause for a fundal height that is greater than the gestational age?
A.A small for gestational age baby.
B.Polyhydramnios.
C.Maternal hypertension.
D.Oligohydramnios.
B.Polyhydramnios.
A nurse is educating a client at 33 weeks gestation on performing daily fetal kick counts. Which instruction should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
A.Lie on your left side after a meal and count how many times the baby kicks. You should feel about three movements within an hour.
B.Count the baby's movements for one hour, twice a day. You should feel at least ten movements each time.
C.Sit upright in a comfortable chair before bedtime and count for 30 minutes. Any amount of movement is reassuring.
D.You only need to count movements if you notice the baby seems less active than usual.
A.Lie on your left side after a meal and count how many times the baby kicks. You should feel about three movements within an hour.
A nurse is teaching a prenatal class about foods to avoid. Which food should be avoided due to a high risk of bacterial contamination?
A.Hot dogs
B.Canned tuna
C.Dark, leafy greens
D.Soft, unpasteurized cheese
D.Soft, unpasteurized cheese
The ischemic phase of the uterine cycle, which occurs on days 27-28, is a direct result of which physiological event in a non-pregnant cycle?
A.A surge in LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary.
B.The release of the mature oocyte from the follicle.
C.A sharp decline in estrogen and progesterone levels.
D.The rapid thickening of the endometrial lining.
C.A sharp decline in estrogen and progesterone levels.
A nurse is reviewing the plan of care for a patient in her first trimester. Which of the following vaccines, if listed on the patient's orders, would require clarification with the provider as it is contraindicated during pregnancy?
A.MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
B.Influenza vaccine
C.Tdap (Tetanus, Diphtheria, Pertussis)
D.Hepatitis B vaccine
A.MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
A client at 17 weeks gestation has an abnormal Maternal Serum Alpha-Fetoprotein (MSAFP) test. The client is anxious and asks the nurse what this means. What is the nurse's best response?
A.The test indicates the baby is at high risk for gestational diabetes later in the pregnancy.
B.This result indicates a risk for certain conditions and requires more definitive testing, like an ultrasound and amniocentesis.
C.These results are often inaccurate, so we will repeat the blood test next week.
D.This test confirms that the baby has a neural tube defect.
B.This result indicates a risk for certain conditions and requires more definitive testing, like an ultrasound and amniocentesis.
A client at 36 weeks gestation undergoes a screening for Group Beta Strep (GBS). She asks the nurse why this test is necessary so late in the pregnancy. What is the nurse's best explanation?
A.The results of this test help us decide if a Cesarean section is the safest delivery method.
B.The test determines if the mother has an active uterine infection that requires immediate treatment.
C.This swab checks for several sexually transmitted infections that can be passed to the newborn.
D.We screen at this time because GBS is a normal bacteria for you, but it can be harmful to the baby during delivery.
D.We screen at this time because GBS is a normal bacteria for you, but it can be harmful to the baby during delivery.
A pregnant client reports that she has been craving and eating ice chips frequently. The nurse recognizes this as a form of pica and understands it is most commonly associated with a deficiency in which nutrient?
A.Vitamin C
B.Iron
C.Folate
D.Calcium
B.Iron
During which phase of the endometrial cycle are conditions most favorable for fertilization, characterized by thin, watery, and stretchable cervical mucus (Spinnbarkeit)?
A.Menstrual phase
B.Proliferative phase
C.Secretory phase
D.Ischemic phase
C.Secretory phase
A Nuchal Translucency Test (NTT) result for a 12-week gestation patient is 3.5 cm. The patient is distressed, stating, 'This means my baby has Down syndrome.' What is the nurse's most appropriate response?
A.This result indicates an increased risk, and it is used to determine if further diagnostic testing should be considered.
B.Yes, a measurement over 3 cm is diagnostic for a chromosomal abnormality.
C.We will repeat the test next week to see if the measurement has decreased.
D.This finding is likely due to the baby's position and is not a cause for concern.
A.This result indicates an increased risk, and it is used to determine if further diagnostic testing should be considered.
During an ultrasound, the amniotic fluid index (AFI) is measured to be 4 cm. The nurse recognizes this finding as oligohydramnios. This condition is most commonly associated with which of the following?
A.Maternal diabetes.
B.Multiple gestation.
C.Uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI).
D.Fetal gastrointestinal obstruction.Explain
C.Uteroplacental insufficiency (UPI).
A nurse is evaluating the fetal monitor strip for a 35-week gestation client undergoing a non-stress test (NST). Which of the following findings would be documented as a 'reactive' result?
A.A stable fetal heart rate baseline with no accelerations or decelerations for 20 minutes.
B.Two accelerations of 10 bpm above baseline, each lasting 10 seconds, within a 20-minute period.
C.Two accelerations of 15 bpm above baseline, each lasting 15 seconds, within a 20-minute period.
D.At least one acceleration of 20 bpm above baseline lasting for 20 seconds at any point during the test.
C.Two accelerations of 15 bpm above baseline, each lasting 15 seconds, within a 20-minute period.
A pregnant client who enjoys coffee is asking about caffeine limits. The nurse should advise her to consume no more than how much caffeine per day?
A.100 mg
B.400 mg
C.200 mg
D.500 mg
C.200 mg
The rise in estrogen during the follicular phase, which peaks just before ovulation, is responsible for which change in the uterus?
A.Thickening the endometrium in the proliferative phase.
B.Decreasing cervical mucus to prevent fertilization.
C.Causing the shedding of the old endometrial lining.
D.Increasing uterine vascularity to prepare for implantation.
A.Thickening the endometrium in the proliferative phase.
A patient at 7 weeks gestation is scheduled for a transvaginal ultrasound. She asks why the ultrasound cannot be performed on her abdomen. What is the nurse's best explanation?
A.It allows us to measure fluid around the baby's neck for genetic screening.
B.It provides a clearer image of the early pregnancy to confirm gestational age and rule out an ectopic pregnancy.
C.This method is the only way to hear the fetal heart tones this early.
D.It is used to measure the cervix length if you are having preterm labor symptoms.
B.It provides a clearer image of the early pregnancy to confirm gestational age and rule out an ectopic pregnancy.
A physician orders an amniotic fluid index (AFI) measurement. How is this procedure performed?
A.A blood test is performed to measure maternal serum markers that correlate with fluid volume.
B.An ultrasound is used to measure the largest pocket of fluid in each of the four uterine quadrants, and the results are summed.
C.The total volume of amniotic fluid is estimated based on the client's fundal height.
D.A needle is inserted into the uterus to withdraw and measure a sample of fluid.
B.An ultrasound is used to measure the largest pocket of fluid in each of the four uterine quadrants, and the results are summed.
A client at 38 weeks gestation calls the triage line stating, 'I haven't felt my baby move at all since I woke up this morning.' It is now late afternoon. What is the nurse's priority instruction?
A.Suggest she drink a large glass of cold, sugary juice and wait another hour.
B.Advise her to eat a meal, lie on her left side, and count movements for an hour.
C.Tell her to come to the hospital or clinic immediately for monitoring.
D.Reassure her that it's normal for fetal movement to decrease as the baby gets bigger.
C.Tell her to come to the hospital or clinic immediately for monitoring.
A client with a pre-pregnancy BMI of 17.5 is now in her second trimester. The nurse should emphasize the importance of achieving a total pregnancy weight gain in which range to minimize risks?
A.11-20 lbs
B.28-40 lbs
C.25-30 lbs
D.15-25 lbs
B.28-40 lbs
A patient is on day 23 of a typical 28-day menstrual cycle. Which hormonal profile is expected, reflecting the uterine preparation for a potential pregnancy?
A.Both FSH and LH are surging.
B.Estrogen is at its highest, and progesterone is low.
C.Both estrogen and progesterone are at their lowest levels.
D.Progesterone is at its peak, and estrogen is low.
D.Progesterone is at its peak, and estrogen is low.
A nurse is performing a routine check on a prenatal patient. Which assessment is a standard component of every visit?
A.Nuchal translucency testing
B.Pap smear with HPV testing
C.Measurement of fundal height
D.Chorionic villus sampling (CVS)
C.Measurement of fundal height
A client undergoes a 3-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Which set of results would lead to a diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GD)?
A.Fasting: 98, 1-hour: 190, 2-hour: 160, 3-hour: 130
B.Fasting: 90, 1-hour: 185, 2-hour: 150, 3-hour: 135
C.Fasting: 96, 1-hour: 175, 2-hour: 152, 3-hour: 145
D.Fasting: 92, 1-hour: 170, 2-hour: 150, 3-hour: 138
A.Fasting: 98, 1-hour: 190, 2-hour: 160, 3-hour: 130
That's right!This set shows three values (Fasting, 1-hour, and 2-hour) that meet or exceed the diagnostic thresholds (95, 180, 155), confirming a diagnosis of GD.
Which statement best describes the underlying physiological reason for performing a non-stress test (NST)?
A.To confirm the gestational age of the fetus using ultrasound.
B.To directly visualize fetal movement and muscle tone.
C.To assess for an adequate supply of nutrients and oxygen from the placenta to the fetus.
D.To measure the strength and frequency of uterine contractions.
C.To assess for an adequate supply of nutrients and oxygen from the placenta to the fetus.
A client who is 8 weeks pregnant has a pre-pregnancy BMI of 27. The nurse should inform the client that her recommended total weight gain during the pregnancy is within what range?
A.25-30 lbs
B.28-40 lbs
C.11-20 lbs
D.15-25 lbs
D.15-25 lbs