High risk pregnancy & Testing
This fetal test is considered reactive when there are at least two accelerations of 15 bpm lasting 15 seconds within 20 minutes
What is a Nonstress Test (NST)
This condition presents with painless bright red vaginal bleeding in the second half of pregnancy
What is Placenta Previa
This type of hypertension develops after 20 weeks without proteinuria or severe features.
What is Gestational Hypertension
Postpartum hemorrhage is defined as blood loss greater than this amount OR any blood loss with signs of hypovolemia.
What is ≥1000 mL blood loss or symptomatic blood loss
The normal respiratory rate range for a newborn.
What is 30–60 breaths per minute
This fetal assessment tool evaluates 5 components, each scored 0–2, with a normal score being 8–10
What is a Biophysical Profile (BPP)
This condition presents with painful bleeding, uterine tenderness, and a rigid “board-like” abdomen.
What is Placental Abruption
This hormone causes increased insulin resistance during pregnancy, especially in the second and third trimester
What is Human Placental Lactogen (hPL)
This is the most common cause of postpartum hemorrhage.
What is Uterine Atony
This mechanism of heat loss occurs when a wet newborn loses heat as moisture evaporates from the skin.
What is Evaporation
This prenatal diagnostic test is performed between 10–13 weeks and carries a risk of miscarriage due to placental sampling.
What is Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)
This condition is characterized by unilateral abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and implantation outside the uterus.
What is an Ectopic Pregnancy
This medication is given to prevent seizures in severe preeclampsia.
What is Magnesium Sulfate
These are the FOUR major causes of postpartum hemorrhage (the “4 Ts”).
What are Tone, Trauma, Tissue, Thrombin
This condition occurs in premature newborns due to lack of surfactant and causes grunting, retractions, and hypoxia.
What is Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)
A biophysical profile score of 4 indicates this clinical concern and requires immediate evaluation/intervention
What is fetal compromise / possible hypoxia
This pregnancy complication presents with extremely elevated hCG levels and a “grape-like” appearance on ultrasound.
What is a Molar Pregnancy
A patient on magnesium sulfate with absent deep tendon reflexes and RR of 10/min is experiencing this complication.
What is Magnesium Toxicity
A postpartum client has severe perineal pain, pressure, and minimal bleeding — this complication is suspected.
What is a Hematoma
This condition involves cessation of breathing >20 seconds or shorter pauses with bradycardia/desaturation in premature infants.
What is Apnea of Prematurity
This test uses oxytocin or nipple stimulation to induce contractions and evaluate fetal response, and is used less frequently due to risk of inducing labor
What is a Contraction Stress Test (CST)
This condition involves painless cervical dilation leading to second-trimester pregnancy loss and is treated with cerclage.
What is Cervical Insufficiency
After delivery of the placenta, insulin needs typically change in which way for diabetic clients and why?
What is insulin requirements DECREASE due to loss of placental hormones → decreased insulin resistance
This condition occurs in the second postpartum week and presents with prolonged lochia, high fundal height, and sudden bleeding.
What is Subinvolution of the uterus
This condition presents with drooling, choking, cyanosis with feeds, and inability to pass a feeding tube into the stomach
What is Tracheoesophageal Fistula / Esophageal Atresia (TEF/EA)