OB
measurements
measurements
Nuchal translucency is measured between what weeks of gestation ?
11 and 13 weeks 6 days gestation.
What measurement is obtained earliest to date the pregnancy and how is it obtained?
Mean Sac Diameter
by adding the measurements of length, width ad height together and dividing by 3
true or false: maternal pregestational diabetes diagnosed before 24 weeks gestation puts the fetus at risk for a congenital anomaly
True
Congenital infections
Maternal drug use
Alloimmunuzation
Oligohydramnios
Polyhydramnios
The chorionic cavity and the amniotic cavity
How do you measure the BPD? ( Where should you set your calibers?)
From the outer table of the proximal parietal bone to the inner table of the parietal bone (leading edge to leading edge).
Nuchal Translucency that measures more than what i considered abnormal ?
3 mm
Fetus is at increased risk for a congenital anomaly when mother is ____?
35 years or older at delivery
Regarding the placenta;
what is something you should look for that could be harmful to both mother and baby during delievery?
Placenta previa or placental abruption
What are all the measurements needed to estimate fetal weight?
BPD, HC, AC, FL
Between what weeks can the BPD measurements be obtained ?
13-14 weeks
When obtaining the BPD measurement , what level should you be at? ( what other structures should you see ?)
CSP, thalamus, and falx cerebri.
What are at least 3 reasons for a first trimester ultrasound?
Confirmation of IUP
Estimation of gestational age
Confirmation of HR
Diagnosis of multiple gestations
What is a reduction in blood return to the maternal heart caused by the gravid uterus compressing the maternal IVC?
Supine hypotensive syndrome
What biochemical marker does the placenta produce?
HCG, Inhibin A, PAPP-A
When measuring the nuchal translucency , what plane should this measurement be obtained and how should the fetus be lying?
This measurement is performed in sagittal plane to the fetus in neutral position.
The normal lateral ventricle does not typically measure more than what at the level of the atrium.
10 mm
What are some of the other conditions possibly affecting the pregnancy/fetus?
Maternal BMI of >/= 30kg/m^2
Placental implantation covering internal os
An irregularly shaped gestational sac and an MSD of greater than ___ that does not contain a fetal pole are signs of potential pregnancy failure.
25 mm
What produces the Cell-free DNA?
The fetus
The cisterna magna should not measure more than ___ and no less than ___.
one caliper is placed in the anterior midline in the middle of the frontal bone where the other is placed in the middle of the echogenic line of the occipital bone
Name 5 reasons for 2nd and 3rd trimester ultrasounds
Screening for fetal anomalies
evaluation of fetal anaotmy
estimation of gestational age and fetal growth
evaluation of vaginal bleeding and pain
evaluation of cervical length
A cephalic index of less than ___ denotes dolicephalic shape, whereas an index of more than ___ denotes a brachiocephalic shape.
75;85
What are some biochemical markers used to determine things about a pregnancy?
Alpha-fetoprotien, Cell-free DNA, Estriol, HCG, Inhibin A, PAPP-A