Etiology
What are the two most common causes of obesity?
physical inactivity & diet/nutrition
Who diagnoses a client as obese?
It is diagnosed by the PCP during a general screening/wellness exam
Can a diagnosis of obesity increase someone’s mortality?
Yes
What percentage of the US population is diagnosed with obesity?
A) 39% B) 27% C) 50%
A) 39%
Name 3 lifestyle modifications that a client could use to increase weight loss?
Dietary intervention, physical activity and management, behavioral management, maintenance of weight loss
Does sleep impact weight gain?
Yes, insufficient sleep has been correlated with weight gain
Name at least three symptoms of obesity that are not comorbid, such as cardiovascular disease.
Possible Symptoms
Breathlessness, increased perspiration, snoring, difficulty with simple physical activities such as walking, continuous fatigue, joint and back pain (especially knees), self-esteem issues and low confidence, social isolation, shame and guilt for his/her condition
List 3 different ways someone can achieve gradual weight loss?
One hour of exercise per day, consuming a low-calorie/low-fat diet, self-monitoring weight, eating breakfast regularly, and maintaining a consistent eating pattern throughout the week
What age range in the US has the highest rate of obesity?
A) 20-39 B) 40-59 C) 60 & older
B) 40-59
What type surgery is performed on the stomach and intestines to induce weight loss?
Bariatric surgery
What age-related changes increase your risk for obesity?
IMMOBILITY AND HORMONAL CHANGES
Are waist circumference and visceral fat area (VFA) also measurements for diagnosing obesity?
Yes
List five serious health conditions that obesity increases the risk for?
Cardiovascular disease due to high cholesterol and atherosclerosis
High blood pressure
Type 2 diabetes
Metabolic syndrome (combination of diabetes and high blood pressure)
Asthma
Several types of cancer (such as breast and bowel cancer)
Sleep apnoea
Osteoarthritis (especially in knees)
Pregnancy complications or reduced fertility
Mental health disorders, such as severe depression and anxiety
Fatty liver disease & Kidney disease
Dyslipidemia (high levels of triglycerides)
Stroke
Gallbladder disease
Do men or women have higher rates of obesity in the US?
Women
List one psychosocial approach for weight loss management?
Mental health counseling, motivational interviewing, psychological drugs
What is a mental health disorder strongly linked with obesity?
Depression
A BMI greater than __________ is considered obese.
Greater than 30
How much does the US spend annually on obesity-related health care?
A)$20 billion B)$200 billion C) $150 billion
C) $150 billion
Is education level and the prevalence of obesity negatively or positively correlated?
Negative correlation: Increase in education>>decrease in the prevalence of obesity
Is weight loss the most important treatment outcome for managing a diagnosis of obesity? T/F
False
What are some Social Determinants of Health that are correlated with obesity?
Access to health education, socioeconomic status, environment, health literacy
What does BMI stand for and is it an accurate measurement?
Body Mass Index; it is only an indicator (but can be inaccurate due to such things as muscle mass).
What kind of intervention approach has been shown to have the greatest impact on weight loss?
A) Targeted approach B) Stratified approach
C) Individualized approach
B) Stratified Approach
What two states have the highest rates of obesity in the US?
Kentucky and West Virginia
What new approach is being undertaken by the FDA to treat obesity as a disease?
Pharmacological