Should / Ought to
Rephrase the advice from ought to to should: "You ought to be more careful."
"You should be more careful."
Your friend is late for the train. Give advice.
"You'd better hurry up, or you'll miss your train!" / "We'd better take a taxi."
You should to study more.
You should study more.
Give advice to a friend who wants to learn English.
"You should watch movies in English." / "You ought to find a speaking club." / "You should read books every day."
What we use after had better?
Infinitive without to.
We'd better not to be late.
We'd better not be late.
Tell us what you should have done last weekend but didn't. (2-3 sentences)
"I should have done my homework." / "I ought to have visited my grandmother." / "I shouldn't have spent so much money."
Create a warning with had better for someone who constantly forgets passwords.
"You'd better start using a password manager, or you'll get locked out of your account forever and lose all your photos!"
They ought to having consulted a lawyer before making a decision.
They ought to have consulted a lawyer before making a decision.
What we use after should and ought to?
After should, we use the infinitive without to eg learn, tell, but after ought, we use to + infinitive eg to learn, to tell.
Create a warning for someone who is not wearing a mask in a hospital.
"You'd better wear a mask, or you could get sick and infect your family." / "You'd better put on a mask, or the security guard won't let you in."
You must rest for a while.
You should rest for a while.
Explain the difference between should and ought to.
Should and ought to are very similar in meaning, but we often prefer ought to to talk about authority which comes from outside the speaker eg from laws or rules. Should is a little more common, and ought to is a little more emphatic
Tell us what had better expresses.
Had better expresses a strong recommendation in a particular situation.
We ought to have left home by 3 at the latest.
We have to leave home by 3 at the latest.