Pediatric Airway & Breathing
This viral infection in infants causes inflammation of the small airways, leading to wheezing and increased work of breathing.
What is bronchiolitis?
Unlike adults, children often compensate for shock with this, making hypotension a late sign.
What is tachycardia?
This condition, often presenting with vaginal bleeding and unilateral abdominal pain in early pregnancy, is a medical emergency.
What is an ectopic pregnancy?
New onset hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestation is the definition of this common pregnancy complication.
What is preeclampsia?
A bulging fontanelle, especially when accompanied by fever and irritability in an infant, is a sign of this.
What is increased intracranial pressure (or meningitis)?
A "barking, seal-like cough" is the classic symptom of this pediatric airway emergency.
What is croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)?
In a pediatric trauma patient, the Broselow tape is used to estimate this crucial measurement for medication dosages and equipment size.
What is weight?
Transvaginal ultrasound demonstrating a "snowstorm" or "grape-like cluster" appearance in the uterus is characteristic of this complication.
What is a molar pregnancy (gestational trophoblastic disease)?
This life-threatening condition is characterized by seizures in a pregnant patient with preeclampsia.
What is eclampsia?
Projectile vomiting in an infant around 2-8 weeks of age, after feeding, suggests this common GI obstruction.
What is pyloric stenosis?
The "thumb sign" on a lateral neck X-ray points to this life-threatening bacterial infection of the epiglottis.
What is epiglottitis?
This type of fracture, where only one side of the bone is broken and the other is bent, is common in children due to their flexible bones.
What is a greenstick fracture?
A quantitative beta-hCG that is rising but not doubling as expected in early pregnancy, along with lower abdominal pain, often suggests this.
What is an ectopic pregnancy or spontaneous abortion?
This medication is the first-line treatment for preventing and managing seizures in patients with eclampsia or severe preeclampsia.
What is magnesium sulfate?
A pregnant patient presenting with epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting along with elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count may have this severe preeclampsia variant.
What is HELLP Syndrome (Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelets)?
In a child with respiratory distress, performing this maneuver can help open the airway while maintaining C-spine precautions.
What is a jaw thrust?
Given the proportionately larger head size in infants and young children, C-spine immobilization often requires this to achieve a neutral position.
What is padding under the shoulders/torso?
This medication is often given to Rh-negative mothers to prevent isoimmunization in cases of vaginal bleeding or trauma in pregnancy.
What is RhoGAM (Rho(D) immune globulin)?
Painless, bright red vaginal bleeding in the third trimester is the classic presentation of this placental abnormality.
What is placenta previa?
In pediatric cardiac arrest, the most common underlying cause is this.
What is respiratory arrest?
Retractions of the intercostal spaces, sternum, and supraclavicular area indicate this:
What is increased work of breathing (or respiratory distress)?
Suspected non-accidental trauma in a child should raise concern, especially with this type of injury in an infant that crosses suture lines.
What is a skull fracture
A patient presenting with fever, uterine tenderness, and foul-smelling vaginal discharge after a recent spontaneous abortion may have this infection.
What is septic abortion?
A sudden onset of severe, constant abdominal pain with dark red vaginal bleeding and uterine tenderness, often associated with fetal distress, indicates this emergent placental complication.
What is placental abruption?
This metabolic condition in newborns, if left untreated, can lead to severe developmental delays and is screened for at birth.
What is phenylketonuria (PKU) or congenital hypothyroidism?