S/S
Symptoms of Emphysema
What is Dyspnea, barreled chest, minimal coughing with small amounts of sputum, hypercapnia.
Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis
What are bronchodilators, expectorants, oral pancreatic enzymes, fat-soluble vit, mucolytics, high-protein, high-calorie, moderate-fat diet.
Asthma Causes
allergens, viruses, other infectious agents, occupational and environmental toxins, exercise, perfumes, genetics, obesity, & emotional stress
Pathophysiology of Emphysema
What is destruction of alveolar and alveolar-capillary walls, as well as narrowed and tortuous small airways
Symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis
What is cough, hypoxia, hypercapnia, reddish-blue mucous membranes, hemoglobin & hematocrit levels increased
Treatments for emphysema
What are bronchodilators, steroids (prednisone), corticosteroids
Emphysema causes
What are smoking and AAT deficiency.
Pathophysiology of Chronic Bronchitis
What is excess secretion of thick, tenacious mucus that decreases ciliary function, interferes with airflow, and cause inflammatory damage to the bronchial mucosa
Symptoms of Asthma
What are wheezing, cough that is worst at night, dyspnea, chest tightness, asthma attack caused from hypoxia
Treatments of COPD
What are bronchodilators & anti-inflammatory, oxygen is used cautiously
COPD Causes
What are air pollution, occupational exposure, smoking & second-hand smoking
Pathophysiology of Asthma
What is reversible airway obstruction, airway edema from inflammation, and increased airway hypersensitivity to a variety of stimuli.
Symptoms of Lung Cancer
What is cough, wheezing, pain or discomfort in the chest, exertional dyspnea, blood-streak sputum, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss
Treatments of Asthma
What are bronchodilators, theophylline's, or anticholinergics such as Atrovent. Corticosteroids, mucolytics, & antibiotics. Oxygen for severe hypoxemia.
Bronchiectasis Causes
What are frequent respiratory infections or inflammation, frequent aspiration of food particles.
Pathophysiology of Lung Cancer
What is chronic irritation of the epithelial tissue in the lung causes changes in the cell structure. This makes the tissue more vulnerable to the carcinogens and irritates inhaled
What are abnormal thick mucus, airway obstruction, repeated infections.
Treatments for Lung Cancer
What are pneumonectomy, lobectomy, radiation, chemotherapy, wedge resection, segmental resection
Cystic Fibrosis Causes
What is inherited
Pathophysiology of COPD
What is the term used to describe a condition that includes two disease, emphysema & chronic bronchitis.