Wind
Westerlies
These currents are driven by a difference in heat
Convection currents
What's gives water the "magic" ability to dissolve compounds?
High polarity breaking apart dipoles
This type of margin is characterized by a narrow shelf
Active margin
Why is the ocean blue?
Light penetration
(red is the shallowest, blue is the deepest)
These east-to-west winds are focused at the equator
Trade winds
Maximum gravitational attraction between the sun, earth and moon pull the ocean to form
King Tides
This feature of water gives it high surface tension and heat capacity
Hydrogen bonds
The name for the path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active volcanoes and frequent earthquakes
The ring of fire
Traditional combination of probes to determine properties of seawater
CTD (Conductivity-Temperature-Depth)
In the southern hemisphere, winds in a counter-clockwise pattern are referred to as this
Anti-cyclonic
A water feature largely occurring on the west coast of continents, resulting in higher nutrients
While both important, does temperature or salinity have a larger effect on ocean density?
Temperature
The three main sediment types on Earth
Terrigenous (land)
Biogenous (biology)
Lithogenous (rocks)
A researcher might use a EA-GCMS to evaluate these properties of C, N, or O
Stable isotopes
In the Northern Hemisphere, anti-cyclonic wind results in this oceanic feature
Downwelling
The three biggest abiotic factors in intertidal environments
Temperature
Water level
Oxygen
A water mass with temps ~35F and salinity ~34.6 psu
Antarctic Bottom Water (coldest and freshest)
Formed from chemical reactions between seawater and minerals
Hydrogenous sediments
What compound has a concentration depth curve INVERSE to oxygen?
CO2 (carbon dioxide)
Respiration and photosynthesis are generally inverse
The planetary phenomenon controlling water movement on Earth
Coriolis Effect
This ocean feature flows northward along the coast of Japan
The Kuroshio Current
The half-life of radiocarbon-14 is 5730 years, what fraction remains after 11460 years?
1/4
After 5730 years, 1/2 remains
After 2(5730), 1/4 remains
Skeletal remains of microscopic organisms make up more than 30% of the sediment
Ooze (silicious or calcareous)
Why is surface water "younger" in the Pacific than in the Atlantic?
Deep water is formed in the North Atlantic, Deep water is upwelled in the North Pacific