Diving
the greatest challenge to deep-sea diving
providing air to breathe
the use of lead lines to determine water depth was eventually replace by
sonar
allowed divers to carry their own air supply
scuba
Oceanographers often face bad ______ as they work on the oceans.
seas (or weather)
grab sampler
this type of diving used becasue the usual gas mixture in the atmosphere is poisonous to divers under the extreme pressures
Mixed-gas diving
moon pool
collects water at various depths
Niskin bottle
As people explored the oceans and lands, they developed more accurate ______
maps (or clocks)
The earliest known diving technology involved the use of _____ _____.
diving bells
If divers enter and exit an underwater habitat through a "moon pool," what needs to be true about the air pressure inside and outside the habitat?
the air pressure is equal to the outside water pressure
can detect even small changes in sea level
satellites
measures water clarity
Secchi disk
The HMS Challenger expedition was the first-ever ocean voyage intended to study the ocean for ______ purposes.
scientific
A feature of an underwater habitat that allows direct access to and from the sea without decompresion
moon pool
the earliest known diving technology involved the use of
diving bells
Autonomous undersea vehicles rely on ______ intelligence to guide them during their data collection missions.
artificial
collects layers of sediment from the ocean floor
sediment corer
Small pelagic organisms can be sampled from a moving ship using a __________ _____
plankton net
What was the significance of the HMS Challenger expedition?
It was the first true oceanographic expedition. It took four years and collected so much data that it took decades to analyze it all.
air-filled structure, lowered from a ship and from which divers could explore the ocean
diving bell
works similar to a hot air balloon and can change its buoyancy underwater
bathyscaphe
collects and transmits a variety of weather and sea data
buoy
The use of lead lines to determine water depth was eventually replaced by ____ technology.
sonar
Name at least three of the challenges to visiting or working underwater.
lack of air to breathe, extreme cold temperatures, extremem pressures, decompression sickness