Ocean Floor
Underwater
The Ocean's Surface
Currents
Et cetera
100
The total amount of dissolved salts in sea water.
Salinity
100
The edge of the continent that is covered by the ocean is known as the:
continental margin
100
Any disturbance that transfers energy through matter or empty space is called a _____________
wave
100
_________ currents are afffected by continental deflections, the Coriolis effect, and global winds.
surface
100
When warm surface water is replaced by cold, nutrient-rich deep ocean water, we call this ________________
upwelling
200
Adding salt or _______________ solids to water changes the salinity of the water.
dissolved
200
What is a seamount?
a submerged (underwater) mountain
200
The highest point of a wave is called the ____________ and the lowest point is called the _______________
crest, trough
200
Describe the Coriolis effect. What causes it?
The deflection (bending) of moving objects from a straight path due to the Earth's rotation.
200
wave period x wave frequency = wave _________
speed
300
Precipitation and river and stream run-off (increases / decreases) salinity.
decreases
300
Name 3 tools that we use to study the ocean floor.
Sonar, satellites, underwater vessels, or deep-sea drilling
300
The amount of time it takes a wave to pass a fixed point.
wave period
300
What powers surface currents?
Solar energy / the Sun
300
Why is upwelling important to marine (ocean) life?
It provides nutrients to organisms that live near the surface of the ocean.
400
Water removal processes such as evaporation and freezing _________________ the salinity of the water.
increase
400
Ocean plates diverge at mid-ocean ridges. What does the word "diverge" or "diverging" mean?
Moving apart or spreading
400
What force causes most ocean waves?
Wind moving over the surface of the water
400
Currents far below the surface formed by differences in water density are called _______ currents
deep
400
An ocean layer in which temperature drops with depth faster than in other layers: ______________
thermocline
500
The ___________ of ocean water depends on temperature and salinity.
Density
500
Contour maps that show features on the ocean floor are known as ______________ maps
bathymetric or bathymetry
500
Name 2 factors (besides wind) that can cause ocean waves.
earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, meterorites/asteroids...
500
______________ currents transfer energy
convection
500
Why is the Earth hotter near the Equator than it is at the North and South Poles?
The equator receives more direct sunlight than the poles, which makes the equator warmer than the poles.
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