Water
As the ocean depth increases, _______ also increases.
water pressure
The deepest part of the ocean are the...
Trenches
An ocean motion that is caused by wind and seen on the water's surface.
Waves
Clouds that occur in fair weather. (They look like cotton balls.)
Cumulus
The weight of the air causes:
air pressure
What three factors are needed for a thunderstorm to form?
1. Moisture
2. Lifting Air (convection)
3. Unstable atmosphere
Air masses are distinguished by a two letter code. The first letter describes the ____________ properties and the second letter describes the __________ properties.
1. moisture
2. temperature
The salinity of the ocean varies. Salinity means...
The greatest variety of ocean life is in the shallowest part of the ocean above the...
continental shelf
The ocean current which carries warm water from the equator to Europe. (The name of the current)
The Gulf Stream
High, thin, wispy clouds.
cirrus clouds
Air circulates around the Earth in big chunks called...
air masses
These two things can cause an air mass to lift
Cities, mountains (topography)
What do these letters stand for? They describe air masses.
m T P
c A
m = moist, maritime
c = dry, continental
T = tropical (warm)
P = polar (cold, dry)
A = arctic (colder and drier than polar)
Wind patterns and different water densities cause...
Ocean currents
The area at the end of the continental slope where sediments gather causing a small rise in the land.
continental rise
As the depth of the ocean increases, these two things decrease.
Temperature and light
Clouds that bring rain and look like a gray blanket covering the sky.
strattus
The boundary between two air masses is called a...
FRONT
There are two types of air masses. Name them.
1. Mountain
2. Sea-breeze
This term describes the column of air extending from the ground to the upper atmosphere. The column of air puts 14.7 pounds per square inch of air on your body.
Air Pressure
It is mostly the pull of the moon's gravity that causes...
Tides
The deep flat portion of the ocean floor.
Abyssal plain
These plant-like organisms produce much of the Earth's oxygen and serve as the basis of the ocean ecosystem.
Phytoplankton
The kind of cloud that forms a tower and brings stormy weather.
Cumulonimbus
A warm front occurs when a warm air mass pushes out a cold mass. A warm front brings:
steady rain or drizzle followed by warmer temperatures
This type of rotating column of air forms at the leading edge of a cold front where winds converge to a center of low pressure.
Tornado (when it touches the ground)
Funnel cloud (does not touch ground)
Water spout (occurs on water instead of land)
Name 3 factors that impact climate
1. latitude
2. altitude
3. topography
How much does one gallon of water weigh?
8 pounds....milk weighs more per gallon and gasoline weighs less.
For a piece of candy or a sticker, can you explain why two liquids of equal volume would have a different mass?
These are underwater mountains caused by plate movements.
mid-ocean ridges
Phytoplankton, like other plants, need sunlight for photosynthesis, and therefore live _____________. (Where in the ocean?)
on the ocean's surface.
The weather when the barometer is falling showing low pressure.
Rainy weather
A cold front occurs when a cold air mass pushes out a warm air mass. A cold front brings:
a short period of heavy rain or thunder, followed by clear colder weather.
During this stage of storm development, updrafts driven by convection currents bring moisture to the upper atmosphere. When the updrafts are no longer able to support the weight of the moisture, precipitation falls.
Cumulus stage (stage 1)
In three steps, describe how sea surface temperatures (SSTs) contribute to wet weather on land.
1. As SSTs rise, the kinetic energy of water molecules increases
2. More energy means more water will evaporate
3. Warm, moist air rises and condenses to clouds, which will fall as precipitation on land.