Fluency 101
According to the chapter, fluent reading is smooth and effortless reading with an appropriate rate, and what else?
Phrasing
What approach has students read a passage or page several times until their reading rate improves?
Should fluency practice use text at an accessible level or a level far above the student's ability?
An accessible level
Partner reading should be organized by time rather than what?
Pages of text
Students practice the same passage multiple times to improve fluency. Name the strategy.
Rereading/Repeated Reading
What is described as a hallmark of reading disability?
Slow and labored reading
How many minutes per day does the chapter recommend practicing fluency?
10-20 minutes
Who should be available to help students with difficult words while they practice reading?
A listener/skilled reader
During effective partner reading, how many times should students read the text at minimum?
At least twice
Students read straight through chapter books or novels rather than repeating pages. Name the strategy.
Continuous reading
What should happen to word recognition with increased practice and repeated exposure to words?
It should become increasingly automatic.
Should students engage in reading aloud or listening during fluency practice?
Reading aloud
What two aspects of reading can teachers monitor using a one-minute oral reading?
Rate and accuracy
In PALS, which student reads first: the higher- or lower-level reader?
The higher-level reader
Students act as both tutors and tutees and can earn points for appropriate reading behaviors. Name the strategy.
Classwide Peer Tutoring (CWPT)
Good readers are exposed to approximately how many times as many words as poor readers?
2-10 times as many words
About how many times per week should the rereading routine be used to produce significant improvement?
At least 3 times a week
If a student consistently falls below what percentage of accuracy, the teacher should recognize that the material is too difficult?
90%
Why does the higher-level reader read first in PALS?
To provide a model of fluent reading
A higher-level reader models the text before the lower-level reader reads it, with their partner acting as a coach. Name the strategy.
Peer-Assisted Learning Strategies (PALS)
Once students reach approximately what oral reading rate, is continued fluency practice unlikely to be helpful?
150 words per minute or more
What percentage increase in reading rate is usually the goal during repeated reading?
25% or more
During a one-minute reading, a student reads 91 total words and makes 5 errors. How many words were read correctly?
86 words
Why can having partners alternate one sentence at a time improve attention?
Because it is always “almost your turn” to read.
This program combines repeated reading, error correction, feedback, fluency cueing, goal setting, and rewards. Name the program.
HELPS - Helping Early Learning Practice Strategies