Cardiac
This medication, commonly assisted by EMTs for chest pain, acts as a vasodilator.
Nitroglycerin
A high-pitched whistling sound, usually heard on exhalation, caused by narrowing of the bronchioles, often seen in asthma.
Wheezing
The term used for abdominal pain that is dull, generalized, and difficult to localize.
Visceral Pain
The recommended liter flow for oxygen administered via a nasal cannula.
1-6 lpm
Which phase of the cardiac cycle involves the contraction of the heart muscles?
Systole
The standard initial dose of Aspirin (ASA) given to a patient experiencing a suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS).
324mg
4x81mg Baby Aspirin
DOUBLE POINTS
The most common cause of airway obstruction in an unresponsive patient.
Name 2 devices we can use to prevent this
Tongue
NPA
OPA
An inflammation of the lining of the abdominal cavity, often caused by a ruptured organ, which presents with severe, localized pain and rigidity.
Peritonitis
The assessment tool used to measure the percentage of hemoglobin carrying oxygen.
SPO2
What is AVPU
Alert
Verbal
Pain
Unresponsive
The clinical term for chest pain or discomfort that is caused by a lack of oxygenated blood flow to the heart muscle.
Angina
This chronic lung condition is characterized by destruction of the alveoli, leading to decreased surface area for gas exchange and often "pursed-lip" breathing.
Emphysema
The hollow organ that stores bile and may cause severe pain in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) after a fatty meal
Gallbladder
Organize the following oxygen delivery devices by the percentage of oxygen delivered, starting with the lowest and ending with the highest
NC, BVM on 02, NRB, Simple Face Mask
NC
Simple Face Mask
NRB
BVM on O2
A mother states their seven-week-old infant has not been feeding well and may have had a fever over the last four days. The baby is listless, and when you examine its head, you notice its fontanels are sunken. What does this finding most likely indicate?
Hypovolemia
Explain the order of the steps for 1-rescuer BLS in an unwitnessed adult arrest
Check responsiveness & Breathing
Call for help/AED
Begin 30 compressions
Give 2 breaths
Attach AED
What is CCPAP?
CHF
COPD
Pneumonia
Asthma
Pulmonary Edema
The clinical term for pain that is felt in a location other than where the pain originates, such as gallbladder pain felt in the right shoulder.
Referred pain
A generic term for a device, such as a King LT or an i-gel, that is placed blindly into the pharynx to establish an airway without passing the vocal cords.
Supraglottic Airway Device
This critical vital sign is the primary indicator that a patient's compensatory mechanisms have failed, transitioning from compensated to decompensated shock.
Drop in blood pressure
Describe a key finding to R vs L sided heart failue
Fluid in limbs vs Fluid in lungs
A chronic infectious disease that can lay dormant but can be reactivated, causing symptoms like night sweats, fever, and a persistent cough.
TB
A patient has a gastrointestinal bleed that is resulting in a drop in their circulating blood volume. In order for the body to try and compensate for this volume loss while attempting to maintain adequate peripheral perfusion, what might the negative feedback systems of the body employ?
Vasoconstriction.
By increasing vasomotor tone (constricting blood vessels) the arterial "container" becomes smaller which in turn will elevate blood pressure and perfusion pressures. This is a normal negative feedback mechanism. Slowing the heart rate will only drop cardiac output as will diuresis as additional volume will be lost.
You respond to an office where a 50 year old male is having difficulty breathing. Upon arrival you find him sitting in a chair with cyanosis around the lips, extreme diaphoresis and he is anxious. He speaks using one or two words at a time. Based on this information what device is appropriate for administering oxygen?
BVM on O2
This patient is quickly moving from acute respiratory distress to respiratory failure. Therefore, this patient should be ventilated with a bag-valve mask using an oxygen reservoir. The other three devices will deliver oxygen, but based on how poorly the patient is breathing, they will not be effective at getting oxygen to the alveoli.
DOUBLE POINTS
What are all the components of GCS and what are their number scores?
Eyes 1-4
Verbal 1-5
Motor 1-6
Total: 3-15