Mining
What were the names of the towns that grew around the mines?
Boomtowns
What is a subsidy?
money or goods given by a person or government to support a project that benefits the public
Where did Texans sell their cattle for a bigger profit?
The North & The East
What important resource almost became extinct?
Buffalo
What two big companies caused the most problems for farmers?
Banks and Railroads
When did 80,000 people rush to California in search of gold?
1849
What two companies will build the Transcontinental Railroad?
Union Pacific & Central Pacific
What was the name of the cowhands of Hispanic origin? What did they look like?
Vaqueros & they dressed like cowboys
What land was set aside for Native Americans to live on when they were forced from their natural land?
Reservations
What is a "cash-only cooperative"? Why was it created?
An establishment that only allowed farmers to buy good with cash. This was created to avoid farmers going into debt.
What metal was the Comstock Lode rich in?
Silver
What people worked for each railroad company?
Union Pacific - Irish immigrants & African Americans
Central Pacific - Chinese immigrants
What inventions did the Great Plains Farmers invent?
dry farming, steel plow, barbed wire
What was the name of the leader of the Sioux people?
Sitting Bull
What party did farmers form to protect their rights?
Populist Party
What did the boomtowns become when people thought there was no more hope to strike gold in the mines nearby?
Ghost towns
Where did the two railroad companies meet to complete the Transcontinental Railroad?
Promontory Summit, Utah Territory
What did families on the Great Plains live in? What challenges did these families face?
Soddies
They faced extreme weather conditions
What events led to the Battle of Little Bighorn?
The US gov and the Sioux had a treaty, assuring white settlers would not move to their reservation in the Black Hills. However, when gold was discovered there, the white settlers moved in anyways. Instead of defending the treaty, the US gov tried to buy the land off the Sioux. Sitting Bull refused this offer.
Who did the populists endorse in the presidential election of 1896?
Democrat William J. Bryan
What self appointed group of citizens captured and punished citizens in Boomtowns?
Vigilantes
What were the major effects of the Transcont. RR?
- connected the United States
- made transportation cheaper/more common
- brought workers west
- helped grow RR companies, steel companies, etc.
- longer/heavier loads were able to be transported
- time zones were created
What was the Homestead Act?
The government gave citizens 160 acres of land in the Great Plains if they completed the 10$ filing fee and agreed to live on that land for 5 years.
How did the Sioux people and the Nez Perce people react differently to the white settlers moving west?
The Sioux people fought back while the Nez Perce tried to coexist peacefully, and then fled.
8 hour work day, income tax, secret ballot, direct election of senators, & abandoning the gold standard