The conversion of inputs (resources) into outputs (goods and services).
What is transformation?
100
Removal of barriers of trade between nations. This is characterised by an increasing integration between national economies and a high degree of transfer of capital, labour, intellectual capital and ideas, fi nancial resources and technology.
What is globalisation?
100
Are those inputs that are changed or converted in the operations process.
What are transformed resources?
100
Are goals that relate to particular aspects of the transformation processes.
What are performance objectives?
100
Is the arrangement of equipment, machinery and staff within the facility (either a factory or an offi ce).
What is plant layout?
200
Involves aiming to have the lowest costs or to be the most price-competitive in the market.
What is cost leadership?
200
Refers to the network of suppliers a business has chosen on the basis of lowest overall cost, lowest risk and maximum certainty in quality and timing of supplies.
What is global web?
200
Are goods manufactured and used in further manufacturing or processing.
What are intermediate goods?
200
Is the focus on how well the product meets the standard of a prescribed design with certain specifi cations
What is quality conformance?
200
Deals with high-variety, low-volume production.
What is process production?
300
Refers to cost advantages that can be created because of an increase in scale of business operations
What is economies of scale?
300
Are the expenses associated with meeting the requirements of legal regulations, i.e. abiding by all laws.
What are compliance costs?
300
Is the time it takes for an order to be fulfi lled from the moment it is made
What is lead time?
300
Refers to the time it takes for the production and the operations process to respond to changes in market demand.
What is speed?
300
Deals with layout requirements for large- scale, bulky activities such as the construction of bridges, ships, aircraft or buildings.
What is project production?
400
Are those that are mass produced, usually on an assembly line. These goods are uniform in quality and meet a predetermined level of quality. These are generally produced with a production focus.
What are standardised goods?
400
Means that business operations should be shaped around practices that consume resources today without compromising access to those resources for future generations.
What is environmental sustainability?
400
Is a type of bar chart that shows both the scheduled and completed work over a period of time. It is often used in planning and tracking a project.
What is a Gantt Chart?
400
Is defined as the usefulness and value that a product has from the consumer’s point of view.
What is product utility?
400
Refers to the purchasing of inputs for the transformation processes.
What is sourcing?
500
Are those that are varied according to the needs of customers. These goods are produced with a market focus rather than a production focus.
What are customised goods?
500
Involves taking the activities to a provider in another country.
What is offshore outsourcing?
500
Involves classifying job activities in ways that make it easy for an employee to successfully perform and complete the task.
What is task design?
500
Involves integrating and managing the flow of supplies throughout the inputs, transformation processes (throughput and value adding) and outputs in order to best meet the needs of customers.
What is supply chain management?
500
Is a term broadly referring to distribution but includes transportation (including transportation modes), the use of storage, warehousing and distribution centres, materials handling and packaging.