What are opioids?
How do they work? What the health risks? What's an overdose?
Are opioids addictive? What is OUD?
Treating OUD and opioid use during pregnancy. Medications to treat OUD during pregnancy. A Fentanyl Fact
Fentanyl Facts
100

Opioids are a class of _, _, and _ that include both prescription medications and illegal drugs like heroin.


What is natural, semi-synthetic and synthetic?

100
Name one negative health effect of opioid use.

What is:

  • constipation, nausea and vomiting, headache, dizziness, and sleepiness or sleep problems.
  • cardiovascular changes, such as slower heart rate, low blood pressure, heart failure, and cardiac arrest.
  • can impair the immune system, increasing risk of infection.
  • can cause changes in a person’s body increasing pain sensitivity.
  • has been associated with mental disorders like depression or sexual dysfunction?
100
  • Repeated opioid use can also lead to _, where a person’s body adapts to the presence of the opioid. As a result of _, the body can only function normally when taking the drug. _ makes it harder to quit using drugs. (same answer for all 3 fill-in-the-blanks)

What is dependence?

100

Babies exposed to opioids before birth have a higher risk of health problems that include _ _ and _ _ _ . 


What is premature birth and low birth weight?

100

Name one fentanyl effect.

What is:

  • extreme happiness
  • drowsiness
  • nausea
  • confusion
  • constipation
  • sedation
  • problems breathing
  • unconsciousness?
200
Natural opioids, such as _, _, opium and thebaine are made from the seed pods of the opium poppy plant. These natural substances are also known as _.

What are morphine, codeine and opiates?

200

_ _ help control pain, regulate breathing (respiration), and help with stress responses. They _ the perception of pain in the brain. 

What are opioid receptors? What is dull?

200

If a person stops taking an _, they may experience withdrawal symptoms such as muscle aches, abdominal cramps, agitation, anxiety, nausea and vomiting, chills, diarrhea, and more. People may continue to use opioids to avoid _ symptoms. (same answer for all 2 fill-in-the-blanks)


What is withdrawal?

200

They also may experience withdrawal symptoms after birth, such as _, _, _, or _ _. This is known as _ _ _ _. 

What are irritability, crying, tremors, or poor feeding? What is neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS)?

200

Fentanyl overdose can decrease the amount of oxygen that reaches the brain, a condition called _. _ can lead to a coma and permanent brain damage, and even death.

What is hypoxia?

300

Semi-synthetic opioids, such as _ and the pain relievers _, _, and _, are made in laboratories by chemically processing natural opioids. 

What are heroin, oxycodone, hydrocodone, and oxymorphone?

300

Opioids can _ _ to life-threatening levels. As a result, not enough oxygen reaches the brain. This can cause severe _ _ or _. This is what happens during an opioid overdose.

What is slow breathing? What is brain damage or death?

300

When a person’s body adapts to a drug, it also may respond less and less to the drug.  This is known as _. As a result, a person may need to take a larger opioid dose or take it more often to achieve the same effects.  This puts them at greater risk of negative health effects. This can also occur with prescription opioids, even when taken as prescribed by a health care provider.


What is tolerance?

300

Medications for opioid use disorder are _ and _ for pregnant people. Treatment helps prevent opioid withdrawal symptoms and reduces the risk of returning to opioid use. Medications also help a pregnant person to get prenatal care and stay in addiction treatment programs, leading to better pregnancy outcomes for both a pregnant person and their baby.

What is safe and effective?

300

People who are given naloxone should be monitored for another _ _ after the last dose of naloxone is given to make sure breathing does not slow or stop.


What are two hours?

400

Synthetic opioids, such as _ are manufactured entirely in laboratories, with no natural ingredients.


What is fentanyl?

400
Name one sign of overdose.

What is:

-Unconsciousness or inability to wake up. 

-Slow or shallow breathing or difficulty breathing.

-Discolored, purplish skin, especially the nails or lips.

-Small, constricted “pinpoint” pupils that don’t react to light.

400

Name one DSM-5 Diagnostic criteria for opioid use disorder (OUD).

What is: 

  • Consuming the drug in larger amounts or for longer than intended.
  • Persistently wanting to cut down or regulate drug use.
  • Spending a great deal of time obtaining, using, or recovering from the effects of the drug.
  • Experiencing a strong desire to use the drug (craving).
  • Failing to fulfill major obligations at work, school, or home because of drug use.
  • Continuing drug use even if it causes significant social or interpersonal problems.
  • Reducing or stopping other activities because of drug use.
  • Repeatedly using the drug in situations when it is unsafe.
  • Continuing drug use even when knowing that it causes physical or psychological problems.
  • Developing tolerance.
  • Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when stopping drug use?
400

_ is safe for people taking medications for opioid use disorder and their infants. _ helps mother and infant to bond, and it can lessen the severity of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and improve a baby’s health outcomes.

What is breastfeeding?

400

Name one withdrawal symptoms from fentanyl.

What is:

  • muscle and bone pain
  • sleep problems
  • diarrhea and vomiting
  • cold flashes with goose bumps
  • uncontrollable leg movements
  • severe cravings?
500

Fentanyl is _ to _ times more potent than morphine.

What is 50 to 100?

500

Name one thing I can do if someone is overdosing.

What is:

  • Call 911.
  • Use naloxone (e.g., Narcan®, Kloxxado®, Zimhi®, RiVive®) or nalmefene (Opvee®) if it is available. 
  • Try to keep the person awake and breathing?
500

Treatment options include _ and _ therapy. Name one medication approved by FDA for treating OUD.

What are medications and behavioral? What are methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone?


500

Some drug dealers are mixing fentanyl with other drugs, such as _, _, _ and _.  

What is heroin, cocaine, methamphetamine, and MDMA?

500
Name one of 3 types of behavioral therapies to treat fentanyl addiction.

What is:

  • cognitive behavioral therapy,
  • contingency management, 
  • Motivational interviewing?
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