Biology🦠
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Science Skills🔬
100
Which famous scientist introduced the idea of natural selection?
A) Charles Dickens
B) Charles Dawg
C) Charles Darwin
D) Drake
C) Charles Darwin
"Natural selection is the process through which populations of living organisms adapt and change. Individuals in a population are naturally different. This variation means that some individuals have traits better suited to the environment than others."
Basically, survival of the fittest.
100
Atoms are made of protons, neutrons, and
A) Electrons
B) Quarks
C) Prions
D) Photons
A) Electrons
100
Meow for 100 points.
Purr
100
The angles in a triangle add up to how many degrees?
A) 100
B) 360
C) 280
D) 180
D) 180
100
What lab equipment do you use to measure the temperature of a liquid?
A) Thermostat
B) Thermometer
C) Bunsen burner
D) Erlenmeyer flask
B) Thermometer
Erlenmeyer flasks are used to store liquids for mixing and heating.
Bunsen burner combines a flammable gas (like butane) with air to make a flame.
200
Which of the following organisms can perform photosynthesis?
A) Mouse
B) Mushroom
C) Maple tree
D) Mitochondria
C) Maple tree
Plants have chloroplasts, which is where photosynthesis takes place. Photosynthesis converts energy from the sun into chemical energy (in the form of sugar).
Mushrooms are not plants; they are decomposers. They absorb nutrients from dead things.
Mitochondria is an organelle that performs cellular respiration. This is like the twin sister of the chloroplast: the chloroplast uses CO2 and H2O to make sugar and O2, and the mitochondria use sugar and O2 to produce CO2, H2O, and energy.
200
The chemical formula for water is
A) H2O2
B) HO
C) H3O
D) H2O
D) H2O
H2O2 is hydrogen peroxide
HO is hydroxide
H3O is hydronium
200
If the mass of a hoop glider increases, what happens to the weight?
A) The weight decreases
B) The weight increases
C) The weight stays the same
B) The weight increases
Mass is the amount of matter/stuff in an object. The weight is the force of gravity on an object.
Weight = mass x gravity
So, mass is constant no matter where you are or what planet you're on, but weight changes depending on gravity. You weigh less on the moon because the moon has less gravity than Earth, but your mass stays the same.
As the equation says, an increase in mass will increase the weight.
200
10% of 50 is
A) 1
B) 5
C) 10
D) 15
B) 5
10/100 = x/50
0.1 = x/50
0.1 * 50 = x
5 = x
200
In an experiment, the independent variable is the variable you change. The dependent variable is the variable
A) that you measure
B) that you also change
C) that stays the same
A) that you measure
The independent variable is the one that you change. The dependent variable is the one that you measure.
The independent variable affects the dependent variable (DV depends on how the IV is changed).
For example, if you do an experiment on how the amount of water affects how tall bean plants grow, your IV would be the amount of water, and your DV would be the height of the bean plants.
On a chart, the IV is the x-axis and the DV is the y-axis.
300
In our DNA extraction experiment, soap was added to break apart cell membranes in order to get the DNA inside the
A) Vacuole
B) Mitochondria
C) Nucleus
D) Nucleoid region
C) Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle inside a cell (only eukaryotic, not prokaryotic). It contains chromosomes, which are basically long strands of DNA wrapped around tightly to make it fit in a small space.
D) Nucleoid region is incorrect because it only exists in prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells (like bacteria) are simpler than eukaryotic cells (found in plants and animals) and do not have membrane-bound organelles (nucleus, chloroplast, mitochondria). However, like eukaryotic cells, they need to reproduce and multiply. In order to do this, they need DNA, but since they don't have membrane-bound organelles, they need somewhere to store it -- and they store it loosely in a place called the nucleoid.
B) Mitochondria is incorrect because, although mitochondria have DNA (mitochondrial DNA), it is extracted through a different method.
A) Vacuole is incorrect because the vacuole does not have DNA. It stores water and other things like sugar and waste products.
300
Baking soda has a pH of 9. That means it is
A) Acidic
B) Neutral
C) Basic
D) Based
C) Basic
On the pH scale, 0 is very acidic, 7 is neutral, and 14 is very basic.
300
A ball is at rest on top of a hill. It is
A) potential energy
B) kinetic energy
C) frictional energy
D) nuclear energy
A) potential energy
Potential energy is the stored energy in an object due to its position.
A ball on top of a hill has a lot of potential energy. When it rolls downhill, the potential energy turns into kinetic energy (energy due to motion).
300
The longest side of a right-angled triangle is called
This is only true with a 90-degree triangle!!
300
2 groups of middle schoolers were tested to compare their speed in solving math problems. One group had calculators, but the other group didn't. What is a possible constant in this situation?
One possible answer is the test they were given (has to be the same test)
If you were doing an experiment where you tested to see which light made plants grow taller, the variables would be
Independent variable: light color
Dependent variable: plant height
Control group: plant with natural light
Constants: soil, water, pH, type of plant, etc.
400
Which biome usually receives the most rainfall per year?
A) Tropical rainforest
B) Tropical savanna
C) Temperate rainforest
D) Tundra
A) Tropical rainforest
400
2 H2O2 → 2 H2O + O2
If there were 4 H2O2 molecules, how many water molecules would be produced?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 8
C) 4
Double the reactants --> double the products
400
In the equation F = ma where m is mass and a is acceleration, what is F?
A) Friction
B) Force
C) Fluid potential
D) Function
B) Force
Newton's 2nd law states that force acting on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by its acceleration.
400
Using Euler's formula vertices + faces - edges = 2, how many vertices does a rectangular pyramid have?
5 vertices
vertices + 5 - 8 = 2
vertices - 3 = 2
vertices = 2 + 3
vertices = 5
400
True/false: when you add salt to ice, the ice will melt but the temperature will decrease.
True!
Salt lowers the freezing temperature of ice, causing it to melt. This is why you put salt on the road to make the ice melt.
However, salt then dissolves in the water. This is an endothermic process (basically means that it absorbs heat), making the temperature colder. The ice doesn't freeze again because the freezing point is lowered.
This is why we added salt to ice in our ice cream experiment!
500
Which of the following is not considered a type of fat?
A) Olive oil
B) Glucose
C) Triglycerides
D) Phospholipids
B) Glucose
Triglycerides -- oil, margarine, butter, and most other fats in your food are triglycerides
Olive oil is a mix of triglycerides
Phospholipids make up cell membranes (and are considered fats)
Glucose is a sugar (its scientific name is carbohydrate)
500
You place a pot of water over high heat and let it boil. While it's boiling, what happens to the temperature?
A) Temperature increases
B) Temperature stays the same
C) Temperature decreases
B) Temperature stays the same
Energy is required to change water from liquid to gas. Any additional energy goes into breaking the bonds between water molecules (latent heat). Therefore the temperature remains constant during boiling.
However, once all the water turns into vapor, additional energy will then increase the temperature (sensible heat).
500
The average gravitational pull of the Earth is how many meters per second squared?
A) 2.1 m/s2
B) 7.2 m/s2
C) 9.8 m/s2
D) 10.4 m/s2
C) 9.8 m/s2
Near Earth's surface, the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.81 m/s2 (32.2 ft/s2). This means that ignoring air resistance, the speed of an object falling freely will increase by 9.8 m/s every second.
500
How many seconds are in a year?
A) 31,536,000 seconds
B) 15,768,000 seconds
C) 365,000,000 seconds
D) 350,255,400 seconds
A) 31,536,000 seconds
There are 365 days in a year, 24 hours in a day, 60 minutes in an hour, and 60 seconds in a minute.
365 days * 24 hours/day * 60 minutes/hour * 60 seconds/minute = 31,536,000 seconds
500
When you turn on your flashlight, no light comes out. You try to find out what is broken. You replace the batteries, but it still doesn't work. Then, you think, "The light bulb is burnt out, so if I replace the bulb, the flashlight will work." This is a
A) Question
B) Hypothesis
C) Conclusion
D) Experimental error
B) Hypothesis
An idea or explanation for a phenomenon. A hypothesis must be testable for it to be scientific.
Claiming "ghosts are real because I said so" is not something that can be tested, so it's not a hypothesis (it's also circular logic).