Type 1 V. Type 2
Mechanism of Action
Adverse Effects
Nursing Considerations
Random
100
What is the cause of type I DM? a. excessive insulin secretion by the pancreatic beta cells b. excessive production of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) c. lack of insulin secretion do to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells d. lack of production of TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
What is: c. lack of insulin secretion do to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
100
What is the mechanism of action of a Sufonylureas? a. stimulates insulin release; decreases insulin resistance b. decreases production and release of glucose from the liver; increases sensitivity in fat and muscle tissue c. interferes with carbohydrate breakdown and absorption; acts locally in the GI tract with little systemic absorption d. decreases the production and release of glucose from the liver; increases cellular uptake of glucose; lowers lipid levels; promotes weight loss
What is: a. stimulates insulin release; decreases insulin resistance
100
Which of the following are signs of hypoglycemia? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. paleness b. decreased level of consciousness c. anxiety d. diaphoresis e. nausea
What is: a. paleness b. decreased level of consciousness c. anxiety d. diaphoresis e. nausea
100
Which of the following nursing diagnosis could the nurse apply to a patient with DM- type 2? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements b. Ineffective health maintenance c. Risk for unstable blood glucose d. Deficient knowledge (drug therapy)
What is: a. Imbalanced nutrition: More than body requirements b. Ineffective health maintenance c. Risk for unstable blood glucose d. Deficient knowledge (drug therapy)
100
In which type of Diabetes Metformin (Glucophage) is used? a. Type 1 b. Type 2 c. Both, type 1 and 2 d. Neither
What is: b. Type 2
200
Which of the following are considered the "classic triad" of symptoms related to DM? a. polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia b. weight loss, anorexia, nausea c. blurred vision, fatigue, recurrent infections d. decreased range of motion, difficulty ambulating, and loss of balance
What is: a. polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
200
What is the mechanism of action of a Thiazolidinedione? a. stimulates insulin release; decreases insulin resistance b. decreases production and release of glucose from the liver; increases sensitivity in fat and muscle tissue c. interferes with carbohydrate breakdown and absorption; acts locally in the GI tract with little systemic absorption d. decreases the production and release of glucose from the liver; increases cellular uptake of glucose; lowers lipid levels; promotes weight loss
What is: b. decreases production and release of glucose from the liver; increases sensitivity in fat and muscle tissue
200
Which class of drugs is most likely to cause hypoglycemia and weight gain? a. Biguanides b. Sulfonylureas c. Incretin Enhancers d. Alpha-glucosidase
What is: b. Sulfonylureas
200
The nurse should instruct the patient to check glucose levels more frequently when? a. The patient is ill or under stress b. Before and after exercise c. Both A and B d. Nether
What is: c. Both A and B
200
Which of these drugs causes stimulation insulin release from the pancreatic beta cells? a. Rosiglitazone (Avandia) b. Repaglinide (Prandin) c. Acarbose (Precose) d. Stiagliptin (Januvia)
What is: b. Repaglinide (Prandin
300
Diabetic Ketoacidosis are more common in Type I or Type 2 DM? a. Type I b. Type 2 c. Both a and b d. Neither
What is: a. Type I
300
What is the mechanism of action of Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitors? a. stimulates insulin release; decreases insulin resistance b. decreases production and release of glucose from the liver; increases sensitivity in fat and muscle tissue c. interferes with carbohydrate breakdown and absorption; acts locally in the GI tract with little systemic absorption d. decreases the production and release of glucose from the liver; increases cellular uptake of glucose; lowers lipid levels; promotes weight loss
What is: c. interferes with carbohydrate breakdown and absorption; acts locally in the GI tract with little systemic absorption
300
Which of the following is potentially fatal adverse effect of Metformin (Glucophage) therapy? a. Hypertension b. Hypoxia c. Hypokalemia d. Lactic acidosis
What is: d. Lactic acidosis
300
The nurse should teach the patient the following interventions when they begin to experience the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. Carry a quick-acting carbohydrate source b. If unsure of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, always treat as hypoglycemia c. Check capillary glucose d. If unresolved in 15 minutes or if blood sugar is less than 70 mg/dL notify the health care provider
What is: a. Carry a quick-acting carbohydrate source b. If unsure of hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia, always treat as hypoglycemia c. Check capillary glucose d. If unresolved in 15 minutes or if blood sugar is less than 70 mg/dL notify the health care provider
300
Incretin enhancers, such as Stiagliptin, inhibit the enzyme responsible for breaking down incretins. This drug is used when? ?SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a.With patients with type 2 diabetes who cannot control their glucose levels with diet and exercise. b. With patients with type 1 diabetes c. As a monotherapy d. In combination with other oral antidiabetics
What is: a.With patients with type 2 diabetes who cannot control their glucose levels with diet and exercise. c. As a monotherapy d. In combination with other oral antidiabetics
400
High blood glucose causes the body organs to have what reaction(s)? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. Pancreas- releases insulin b. Kidneys- releases renin c. Stomach- produces hydrochloric acid d. Liver- produces glycogen
What is: a. Pancreas- releases insulin d. Liver- produces glycogen
400
What is the mechanism of action of Biguanides? a. stimulates insulin release; decreases insulin resistance b. decreases production and release of glucose from the liver; increases sensitivity in fat and muscle tissue c. interferes with carbohydrate breakdown and absorption; acts locally in the GI tract with little systemic absorption d. decreases the production and release of glucose from the liver; increases cellular uptake of glucose; lowers lipid levels; promotes weight loss
What is: d. decreases the production and release of glucose from the liver; increases cellular uptake of glucose; lowers lipid levels; promotes weight loss
400
What Metformin (Glucophage) can do in addition to lowering blood glucose levels? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. It lowers triglyceride levels b. It lowers total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level c. It promotes weight gain d. It lowers potassium levels
What is: a. It lowers triglyceride levels b. It lowers total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level
400
Which of the following signs and symptoms should we teach the patient to report to a health care provider immediately? a. edema of the hands and feet b. dyspnea c. excessive fatigue d. All of the above
What is: d. All of the above
400
Thiazolidinediones, or Rosiglitazone’s most primary adverse effect is? a. Excessive bleeding b. Insomnia c. Edema d. Diarrhea
What is: c. Edema
500
What is the incidence of type 1 DM v. type 2 DM? a. 5-10% v. 90-95% b. 15-20% v. 85-90% c. 20-25% v. 80-85% d. 15-20% v. 75-80%
What is: a. 5-10% v. 90-95%
500
What is the mechanism of action of an Incretin Enhancer? a. slows the breakdown of insulin, keeping it circulating in the blood longer; slows the rate of digestion, which increases satiety b. decreases production and release of glucose from the liver; increases sensitivity in fat and muscle tissue c. interferes with carbohydrate breakdown and absorption; acts locally in the GI tract with little systemic absorption d. decreases the production and release of glucose from the liver; increases cellular uptake of glucose; lowers lipid levels; promotes weight loss
What is: a. slows the breakdown of insulin, keeping it circulating in the blood longer; slows the rate of digestion, which increases satiety
500
Acarbose (Precose) is an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. These drugs have few side effects but most commonly affect which system? a. Renal system b. Hepatic system c. Cardiovascular system d. Respiratory system e. Gastrointestinal system
What is: e. Gastrointestinal system
500
Which laboratory work would the nurse continue to monitor for a patient on oral antidiabetics? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY a. CBC b. CMP c. Blood glucose levels d. hepatic and renal function e. Urinalysis
What is: a. CBC b. CMP c. Blood glucose levels d. hepatic and renal function
500
One of the mechanisms of action of Metformin (Glucophage) is: a. It increases the intestinal reabsorpion of glucose b. It decreases the cellular uptake of glucose c. It reduces gluconeogenesis d. It inhibits viral replication
What is: c. It reduces gluconeogenesis
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