Cells/Tissues
The five phases of mitosis and what happens at each phase
What is...
interphase- cells between division
prophase-chromatin condenses into chromosomes
metaphase-the mitotic spindle forms
anaphase-chromatids migrate to opposite poles
telophase- division into two daughter cells occurs
The 3 stages of prenatal development and their weeks
Preimplantation- the first week
Embryonic- weeks 2-8
Fetal- week 9 on
Where cementum obtains it's nutrients from
What is the PDL
The three main types of oral mucosa and an example of each
Lining- buccal mucosa
masticatory-attached gingiva
specialized-papillae
This fiber group is the only one without an attachment to bone
interradicular fiber group
Three organelles found within the cell and their functions
What is/are...
nucleus-command center/data bank
mitochondria- major source of ATP
ribosomes- protein factories
ER- highway of the cells
golgi- packaging and transporting
lysosomes- sewer system of the cell
centrioles- cylindrical structures within a centrosome
The 5 embryonic processes
Induction-interaction and establishment between groups of cells
Proliferation-controlled cellular growth
Differentiation-changes in cells to become distinct structurally and functionally
Morphogenesis-development of specific tissue structure due to cell migration
Maturation-attainment of adult function and size
What cells are responsible for breaking down bone, building bone, and maintaining bone
Osteoblasts-build
osteoclasts-break down
osteocytes- maintain
What does the muco-gingival junction seperate?
The alveolar mucosa and attached gingiva
The three interfaces that occur with the CEJ and which is most common
Meeting end to end (most common)
a gap between the two
an overlap
What is...
epithelial, connective, muscle, nerve
what does the bilaminar embryonic disc develop from and what are its two layers
It develops from the blastocyte
Its two layers are the epiblast layer and the hypoblast layers
Aceullar vs cellular cementum
Acellular does not contain cementocytes
explain non-keratinized vs ortho-keratinized vs para-keratinized
non-keratinized- most common form and there is no keratin present
ortho-keratinized- associated with masticatory mucosa and has keratinization in it's superficial layers
para-keratinized- believed to be an immature form of ortho-keratinized tissue
The body and base of the tongue develop from this
The first 4 branchial arches
The layers within the basement membrane
What is....
Basal lamina- lamina lucida and lamina densa
Reticular lamina
The three things that make up the tooth germ
The enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac
The five fiber groups we discussed in order from most superficial to deep
Alveolar crest
horizontal
oblique
apical
interradicular
What are the three layers of lining mucosa
Superficial, intermediate, and basal layer
The mineralization levels of enamel, dentin, cementum, and bone
E- 96%
D-70%
C-65%
B-60%
The 11 types of connective tissue
Loose, dense regular, dense irregular, adipose, elastic, reticular, hyaline cartilage, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage, bone, blood
The stages of tooth development and their developmental disturbances
Initiation- anodontia or supernumerary
Bud- macrodontia or microdontia
Cap- dens in dente, dens invaginatus, gemination, fusion
Bell- none
Apposition/maturation- enamel dysplasia, hypocalcification, fluorosis
Maturation/appositon- enamel dysplasia
trabecular bone vs cortical bone
cortical bone is plates of compact bone while trabecular bone is cancellous bone
What has the fastest healing time within the oral cavity? And what is the healing time?
Junctional epithelium
4-6 days