Ecological interaction
8. Inner competition:
What is the main cause of a mother-daughter conflict? (19)
Menopause (18)
2. Population sizes
A minimum of about 50,000. (10)
What is the estimated global population of the orca?
15. Survivorship curve
Orca has high survival probability in early and middle life, followed by a rapid decline in survival in later life, which is type 1. (12)
What is orca's survivorship curve type?
3. Technique used to sample for population estimates
Orca population is estimated by using transect surveys. (11)
How is orca population estimated?
9. Predation
Fish, seal, shark, whales, seabirds and 140 other species of marine animals. (17)
What is orca's diet consist of?
4. Distribution pattern
Clumped since orcas can be seen more often in certain areas than others. (3)
How is orca population distributed?
16. life strategy
Orca tends to produce relatively low numbers of offspring and has a relatively high probability of surviving to adulthood. (12)
Is orca k-selected species?
5. Threats
Noise pollution disrupts their ability of using echolocation (16)
How does noise pollution threat orca's defence mechanism?
10. Defence mechanisms
Echolocation and hunt in groups (8)
What techniques do orcas use to hunt more efficiently?
1. Habitat
Although they can be found anywhere in the world, they are much common in cold-water upwelling. (18)
Where can you easily find orcas?
13. Life cycle
Female orca typically live about 50 years but can live up to 80 to 90 years. (10)
How long do female orcas live?
11. Symbiotic and/or parasitic relationships
Define this relationship: while cleaner fish and shrimps keep the killer whale healthy, the killer whale offers protection and nutrients (7)
Symbiotic
6. Density-dependent factors that affect population
Reduced availability of their preferred prey, endangered Chinook salmon (16)
What is the density-dependent factor that affects orca population?
12. Population growth rate
The growth rate of female orcas is decreasing since 1975. (12)
Describe female orca's population growth rate
11. Symbiotic and/or parasitic relationships
Define this relationship: Barnacles get protection however the whale gets nothing from the relationship (7)
A commensal relationship
7. Density-independent factors that affect population
Global warming has affected orca's ability of hunting
What is the density-independent factor that affects orca population?