Alkane-Alkene-Alkyne
Alcohols
Acids and Esters
Soaps & Detetgents
Polymers
100
Name the following compound:
CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3 (C5H12)
Pentane
100
Draw propan-2-ol
100
Name this compound:
Propanoic Acid
100
Which end of a soap molecule is hydrophobic - the carbon chain tail or the charged ion head?
Carbon chain tail
100
Polymers can be classified as either addition or ________ polymers
Condensation
200
This type of bond exists where electrons are being shared between the carbon atoms and the carbon-hydrogen atoms in an alkane.
Covalent bonds
200
What is the name of the alcohol functional group (-OH)
Hydroxl
200
What two reactants are needed to make pentyl butanoate?
1- Pentanol and Butanoic Acid
200
Name a chemical that a triglyceride fat could react with to produce a soap?
Sodium Hydroxide (or other Group 1 Hydroxide)
200
What is the feature of monomers which allows them to undergo addition polymerisation?
They have a double bond in the carbon chain
300
Draw 2-butyne
300
Which type of alcohol will not undergo an oxidation reaction?
Tertiary Alcohol
300
What is the name of the reaction setup for producing an ester where you use an upright condenser?
Reflux
300
What is the name given to the soap structures formed when they embed their tails into grease, leaving the charged ionic heads to be attracted to polar water?
Micelle
300
The following molecule is apidic acid. Is it a monomer for addition or condensation polymerisation?
Condensation (Functional groups on both ends)
400
Name this compound:
1,2 - dichloroethane
400
What needs to be added to ethene to produce ethanol, and what catalyst is needed?
Water, with a phosphoric acid catalyst.
400
Name the following ester:
Ethyl butanoate
400
What is the structure of a cationic detergent?
Carbon chain tail and a positive ionic head.
400
What is the IUPAC name of this monomer, and the common name of the polymer it forms?
Chloroethene, Polyvinylchloride (PVC)
500
Explain why the boiling points of the alkane homologous series increase as the number of carbons increase.
Boiling point is related to the Intermolecular Forces. As the carbon chain gets longer, there is more dispersion force between the molecules so the boiling point increases.
500
Give the reaction steps needed to get from ethane to ethanol.
Ethane undergoes a substitution reaction with Cl2 to produce chloroethane. This then undergoes a substitution reaction with NaOH to produce ethanol.
500
Describe, using names of the functional groups, what is occurring to make the ester bond between an acid and an alcohol.
The hydrogen comes away from the organic acid in the carboxyl functional group. The hydroxl group comes away from the alcohol. This creates a bond site on both the acid and alcohol, and they join forming the ester bond.
500
Describe the difference between a natural soap and an anionic detergent
Natural soap has a carboxyl ionic head. An anionic detergent will have another negative ion as the head.
500
What structural features of high density polyethylene allow it to form a strong and slightly flexible plastic?
High dispersion forces between long, straight polyethylene chains.