Hydrocarbons
What is a hydrocarbon?
A hydrocarbon is a compound containing carbon and hydrogen only.
What are alkenes?
Hydrocarbons with a double bond
How does boiling point depend on chain length of hydrocarbons?
The longer the chain, the higher the boiling point
How can the different alkanes in crude oil be separated?
Fractional Distillation
Name the natural process where ethanol is made
Fermentation
How is crude oil formed?
Crude oil is formed from the remains of ancient biomass over millions of years.
What are alkenes used for?
Alkenes are used to form polymers.
How does viscosity depend on chain length?
The longer the chain, the higher the viscosity
What is a fraction?
A fraction is a group of hydrocarbons with similar chain lengths.
Name the reaction where lots of the same molecules join together to form a long chain
Addition Polymerisation
What are the alkanes?
Alkanes are hydrocarbons that only have single bonds.
Describe the reactivity of alkenes compared to alkanes.
Alkenes are much more reactive than alkanes.
How does flammability depend on the chain length?
What is cracking?
Cracking is breaking down a hydrocarbon with a long chain into smaller molecules (alkanes and alkenes).
What is the functional group of alcohol?
-OH
What are the first four alkanes?
Methane, ethane, propane, butane
How can you test for alkenes?
Alkenes turn orange bromine water colourless.
Which of these hydrocarbons is saturated? Alkanes or Alkenes
Alkanes
Steam cracking and catalytic cracking
The polymer of ethene would be called?
Polyethene