Alkanes
Name an alkane with four carbons
butane
Name the simplest alkene or alkyne compound
ethyne and ethene
what do primary alcohol gets oxidizes to?
primary alcohol oxidizes to aldehyde and then to carboxylic acids.
what is the functional group for aldehyde?
C double bond O, and One H attached to the C. (at the end)
How is an ester formed?
add alcohol to a carboxylic acid to give ester and water
what are the products for complete combustion of methane?
carbon dioxide and water
ethene plus water gives....?
ethanol
name one process of producing ethanol
1. fermentation of glucose
2. hydration of ethene.
what is the difference in the functional group for ketone and aldehyde?
they both have a carbon double bond O, but aldehyde is at the end, while ketones is in the middle
what is a characteristic property of an ester
it has a pleasant smell
Do alkanes form homologous series? Support your answer with explanation.
Alkanes form homologous series, eg methane, ethane, propane, butane etc...
Explain what polymerization is and its uses to the community
Polymerization is the formation of plastics from ethene molecules, and it is useful because it makes things easier like plastic cups, plates, buckets, paper.... very convenient.
methanol burns in oxygen to give complete combustion, what are the products
Carbon dioxide and water
give the molecular formula for propanal
C3H6O
Name the ester formed from ethanol and propanoic acid
ethyl propanoate
Explain why alkanes undergo substitution reactions
Because hydrogen is replaced by a halogen, thus substituting instead of adding a new bond.
through dehydration of ethanol in the presence of sulfuric acid
name a tertiary alcohol
methyl propan-2-ol
If we add Benedicts solution to ethanal and propanone, what would be your observations?
ethanal will change from blue to brick red, whereas propanone will not react.
Name the catalyst needed for esterification
and organic acid eg sulfuric acid
Explain how to test for saturated alkanes
Add bromine- if it decolors slowly, then it is saturated
What is PVC, and where is it used?
PolyVinylChloride - used mostly in pipes.
List three uses of ethanol
1. cleaning wounds
2. sanitizers
3. drinks
4. to make esters
Adding Tollen's Reagent to an alehyde would give what observation?
a silver mirror
What is the product formed when NaOH is added to methyl ethanoate?
sodium ethanoate + ethanol
look at summary pg 102