History
Saturated Hydrocarbons
Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
Functional Group
Alcohols
100
What is a mysterious, presumed property of living things was needed for the formation of organic compouds.
Vital force
100
Boiling points and melting points _________________as size of alkane increases
increases
100
General formula for alkenes
CnH2n
100
C bonded to halogen (C-X)
Alkyl halide
100
These are general terms for alcohols that have more than one –OH group per molecule.
Polyhydroxy alcohols and polyols
200
Who amazed the science community by using the inorganic compound ammonium cyanate, NH4OCN to synthesize urea, H2NCONH2, an organic substance found in the urine of many animals.
Friedrich Wöhler
200
What do you call the strong single covalent bonds found in alkanes?
Sigma bonds
200
What is the purpose of Baeyer's test?
Test for unsaturation
200
C bonded O of a hydroxyl group (C-OH)
Alcohol
200
The boiling points of the normal alcohols increase in a regular fashion with __________________.
increasing number of carbon atoms.
300
more commonly referred to as aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid
300
remove one H from an alkane (a part of a structure) (What group)
Alkyl group
300
the name _______________ is used to name compounds that cannot easily be named as benzene derivatives.
phenyl
300
two C’s bonded to the C=O
Ketone
300
The _______________on the alcohol molecule is responsible for both the water solubility and relatively high boiling points of the low-molar-mass alcohols.
–OH group
400
Trying to manufacture quinine, what organic dye was accidentally manufactured? ______________.
Perkin's mauve
400
Isomers that differ in how their atoms are arranged in chains are called _____________.
constitutional (or structural) isomers
400
He was the first to suggest a sensible structure for benzene
August Kekule
400
one hydrogen bonded to C=O
Aldehyde
400
An alcohol can react with a carboxylic acid to form ________________.
an ester and water.
500
Both men suggested that tetravalent carbon atoms could link to each other to form a carbon lattice, and that the detailed patterns of atomic bonding could be discerned by skillful interpretations of appropriate chemical reactions.
Friedrich August Kekulé and Archibald Scott Couper
500
Two isomers of butane
butane and isobutane/2-methylpropane
500
Isomers that differ from each other only in the geometry of their molecules and not in the order of their atoms are known as ________________.
geometric isomers/ They are also called cis-trans isomers.
500
Ester
C-O bonded to the C=O
500
This alcohol is used as a major ingredient in “permanent-type” antifreeze cooling systems
ethylene glycol (1,2-Ethanediol)
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