Carbohydrates
Lipids
Proteins & Enzymes
Nucleic Acids
Generally Speaking...
100
Three elements in all carbohydrates
What are Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen?
100
The common term for a lipid.
What is a fat?
100
The monomer of proteins
What are amino acids?
100
The repeating monomer units in a complete nucleic acid chain.
What is a nucleotide?
100
The type of reaction that joins to monomers.
What is dehydration synthesis?
200
The monosaccharide found in our blood that is used by our cells to manufacture energy.
What is glucose?
200
The primary function of lipids
What is energy storage? The are energy dense and provide twice the amount of calories than carbs.
200
The suffix on enzyme molecule names.
What is "-ase"?
200
the three basic types of nucleic acids
What are DNA, RNA, ATP?
200
A chain of many monomers
What is a polymer?
300
polysaccharide that is not digestible and is a structural component of plants
What is cellulose?
300
The difference in the bond structure of saturated fats and unsaturated fats.
What is double-bonds in unsaturated fats and all single bonds in saturated fats?
300
The term for enzymes that means that they speed up chemical reactions in living things by lowering activation energy.
What is biological catalyst?
300
Functions as a molecular blueprint for building proteins.
What is DNA?
300
The type of reaction necessary to separate a polymer into its component monomers.
What is hydrolysis?
400
The storage form of glucose in humans that is stored in our liver and muscle cells.
What is glycogen.
400
The basic unit (monomer) of lipids
What is 3 fatty acids and 1 glycerol?
400
what are the two primary groups of proteins? Identify which group functions more as structural/motion proteins and which functions more on metabolism and immunity
What are fibrous (structural) and globular (metabolism and immunity) ?
400
Functions as a fully charged battery or the chemical energy that cells use to do work.
What is ATP?
400
The element found in every organic compound
What is carbon?
500
What occurs in our bodies following a blood sugar spike to 200mg/100ml,after eating 3 pieces of pizza, to return us to homeostasis?
the pancreas secretes insulin
the insulin signal cells to take in the glucose AND
the insulin signals the liver to store glucose as glycogen
these actions return blood sugar to 90mg/100ml
500
Compare and Contrast unsaturated fat to saturated fats in terms of structure, characteristics and provide 2 examples of food sources of each type of lipid
Unsaturated: contain at least 1 double bond; bent chain; liquid at room temp; healthier fats. Ex: fish, olive oil, nuts
Saturated: single bonds to hydrogen; straight chains; can be unhealthy (especially trans saturated fats because they can form plaque in arteries);solid at room temp. Ex: butter, lard, cheese
500
These 2 conditions often result in denaturing of enzymes, causing them to lose function
What is high heat/low heat and a change in pH (acidic/basic)?
500
The function of RNA
What is translates DNA code and deliveries the code the part of the cell that can manufacture the protein from the code on the RNA?
500
Summarize the key functions of each organic compound.
Carbohydrates provide energy
Proteins provide structure and manage metabolism
Lipids store energy/insulation
Nucleic acids provide genetic codes for building proteins