Carbohydrates can be broken down into _________ and ________.
simple Sugars (mono and disaccharides) and Starches or cellulose (polysaccharides)
100
what is the structure of lipids?
chains of C, H, O
100
What are proteins made of?
Proteins are made of chains of amino acids.
100
What are nucleic acids made of?
Nucleic acids are made of chains of nucleotides.
200
What is the most important element in organic macromolecules?
Carbon (C)
200
What are Carbs. made of?
monosaccharides ( a single hexagon) or molecule of sugar
200
What are lipids made of?
Fatty acids
200
What is the function of proteins?
Proteins speed up, support, and strengthen chemical reactions.
make up major structures like hair, nails, enzymes, etc
200
What are the ONLY 2 examples of nucleic acids?
DNA and RNA
300
What are the 4 types of organic macromolecules?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
300
What does the suffix -ose indicate?
A sugar.
300
Why are lipids insoluble?
They do not dissolve in water since they are non polar.
300
what elements are in proteins
C, H, O, N, S
300
Special nucleotide used to carry energy around the body made by eating carbs and proteins
ATP
400
What do the letters "CHNOPS" stand for?
Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen, Oxygen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur
400
Starches and cellulose (fiber) are polysaccharides. What does this mean?
they are made of chains of many sugar molecules (3 or more rings).
400
What is the function of a lipid?
Lipids store energy and act as protective layers for cell membranes, ear wax, hormones, etc.
400
Why are enzymes important?
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions and allow cells to carry out functions at a rate sustainable for life.
400
What is the function of a nucleic acid?
Nucleic acids store heredity information and give the cell instructions.
500
Is water an organic macromolecule? Why or why not?
No- water is essential for life, but it isn't an organic molecule because it doesn't contain the element Carbon.
500
What is the function of a Carbohydrate?
They provide you with energy by acting as storage molecules.
500
what is the difference between saturated and unsaturated fats?
saturated (like butter) are solids at room temp since they only have single bonds
unsaturated (like olive oil) are liquids at room temp since the have some double bonds
500
Why do body builders eat high protein diets?
Proteins allow body builders to build muscle tissue faster.
500
How do RNA and DNA structurally differ?
RNA is made of a single strand of nucleotides and DNA is made of a double strand of nucleotides.