Carbs
What is the monomer of carbohydrates?
monosaccharides
What is the monomer of a lipid?
A fatty acid
What is the monomer of DNA?
a nucleotide
What is the monomer of proteins?
amino acids
What does the Benedict's test test for?
the prescence of ketone functional groups
What type of bonds form between two monosaccharides?
glycosidic bonds/linkages
What type of bond forms between two fatty acids?
An ester bond/linkage
What is at the 5' end of a nucleotide?
A phosphate group
What is an enzyme?
A proteins that catalyzes a chemical reaction
What substance does ELISA test for?
C-peptide
An oligosaccharide contains how many monosaccharides?
3-10
Fill in the blank:
Phosphlipids are ________ (relating to solubility)
amphipathic
Which rule states that nitrogenous bases have complementary base pairing?
Chargaff's rule
What is the word when an enzyme adjusts its shape to better fit a substrate?
induced fit
What reading from a urinalysis lab would cause a doctor to reccomend blood work?
A reading over 100 mg/dL
Organic molocules must contain what type of bonds? (be specific)
Carbon covalently bonded to hydrogen atoms
What is the functional group found in lipids but not found in carbs?
a carboxyl
On which end can new nucleotides be added onto?
the 3' end
What causes enzymes to develop their unique shape?
the unique R-groups on their amino acids
Which peptide transports preproinsulin to the ER?
the signal peptidase
What is the difference between a ketone and an aldehyde?
An aldehyde is bonded to a hydrogen on one end, while a ketone has two R groups
Name the 4 functions of lipids
Energy storage, cell structure, signaling, and protection/insulation
How many bonds are between cytosine and guanine?
3 hydrogen bonds
What is the structure called when a enzyme and substrate bond?
A enzyme-substrate complex
What consequence of diabetes can cause coma and/or death?
ketoacidosis