EARTH STANDARDS
Moving water, like streams and rivers, can create and change Earth's surface features through both erosion and deposition. Which list contains landforms created by river erosion?
A.channels, canyons, and valleys
B. dunes, deltas, and floodplains
C.canyons, alluvial fans, and lakebeds
D. floodplains, alluvial fans, and deltas
A.channels, canyons, and valleys
Mina's science class decides to conduct an experiment to learn more about ice. She sets one ice cube on the counter at room temperature. She sets another same-sized ice cube in the class refrigerator.
Mina predicts that since it is warmer on the counter at room temperature, the ice cube on the counter will melt faster. What result would confirm this prediction?
A.When the counter ice cube is melted, the refrigerator ice cube is not finished melting.
B.When the counter ice cube is melted, the refrigerator ice cube is also finished melting.
C.When the counter ice cube is not quite melted, the refrigerator ice cube is finished melting.
D.When the counter ice cube is not quite melted, the refrigerator ice cube has melted the same amount.
A.When the counter ice cube is melted, the refrigerator ice cube is not finished melting.
X2
Sarah is looking for a way to move her boat across the water without touching it directly. She included paperclips in the boat design so that the magnetic attraction between the paperclip and the magnet would pull the boat along the water's surface. Which statement is NOT an accurate representation of what is happening with Sarah's boat?
A.The attraction between the boat and the magnet pulls the boat toward the magnet.
B.As Sarah gets further from the boat with her magnet, the attraction will decrease.
C.The attraction between the boat and the magnet pushes the boat away from the magnet.
D.The more paperclips that are attached to the boat, the stronger the force of attraction to the magnet.
C.The attraction between the boat and the magnet pushes the boat away from the magnet.
Which of these is NOT a principle of the cell theory as it is currently understood?
A.Cells are the basic units of life
B.All living things are made of cells.
C.All cells are produced from existing cells.
D.Only cells containing mitochondria can reproduce.
D.Only cells containing mitochondria can reproduce.
When flowing water erodes land, it carries the particles downstream. Which statement describes what happens to these particles as the flow of water slows down?
A.Larger particles float on the surface, and smaller particles sink.
B.Particles continue traveling at the same speed and do not slow down.
C.Particle movement also slows down and eventually float on the surface.
D.Larger particles are deposited first, and smaller particles settle last.
D.Larger particles are deposited first, and smaller particles settle last.
Water has a higher specific heat index than other common materials, so it takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature of water. Conclude how this would affect climate.
Water has a higher specific heat index than other common materials, so it takes a lot of energy to raise the temperature of water. Conclude how this would affect climate.
A.Areas surrounded by water would have more snow.
B.Areas surrounded by water wouldn't be affected by global warming.
C.Areas surrounded by water would have greater changes in temperature throughout the year.
D.Areas surrounded by water would have less of a change in temperature throughout the year.
D.Areas surrounded by water would have less of a change in temperature throughout the year.
In order for a scientific investigation to be considered valid, the evidence produced by the investigation must be
A.in the form of a graph.
B.a way to prove the hypothesis.
C.replicable by others.
D.conducted in a lab.
C.replicable by others.
A wildfire burns through a forest, releasing smoke into the air and destroying plant life.
Which spheres are involved?
A.biosphere, geosphere, atmosphere
B.hydrosphere, cryosphere, geosphere
C.biosphere, atmosphere, cryosphere
D.geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere
A.biosphere, geosphere, atmosphere
A person breaks a bone in their leg. Which systems must work together to repair the bone and help them walk again?
A.musculoskeletal and circulatory
B.circulatory and digestive
C.immune and reproductive
D.respiratory and nervous
A.musculoskeletal and circulatory
X3
Layla was glad that she remembered to bring her flip-flops to the beach. It was a bright day and the sand was hot! But at night, she could take off her flip-flops and walk barefoot.
Why was the sand much cooler at night than during the day?
A.There was more wind.
B.There was no sunlight.
C.There were fewer people.
D.There were bigger waves.
B.There was no sunlight.
The sun shines more directly near the equator, bringing more warmth there. In polar regions the sun shines at angles such that they get little or no sunlight during the winter, causing colder temperatures. Predict how these differences in temperature create a movement in the atmospheric gases and distribute heat energy from the sun across the planet.
A.As air in one region diffuses, it becomes less condensed than the surrounding air and begins to rise and draws more air along.
B.As air in one region warms, it becomes less dense than the surrounding air and begins to rise and draws more air in underneath.
C.As air in one region warms, it becomes less nebulous than the surrounding air and begins to descend and draws more air in with it.
D.As air in one region cools, it becomes less compact than the surrounding air and begins to accelerate and draws more air in supportively.
E.As air in one region warms, it becomes more dense than the surrounding air and begins to accelerate and draws more air in supportively.
B.As air in one region warms, it becomes less dense than the surrounding air and begins to rise and draws more air in underneath.
Why do scientists accept theories like evolution and gravity?
A.Because they are required to by law.
B.Because the theories are guesses that sound good.
C.Because the theories are proven to be 100% true by teams of scientists.
D.Because the theories are supported by large amounts of evidence.
D.Because the theories are supported by large amounts of evidence.
Most of the energy needed for all the processes on earth comes directly or indirectly from the sun. There is no medium or material connecting the sun to the earth. Therefore, the only type of heat transfer possible to transfer energy from the sun to the earth is
A.condensation.
B.conduction.
C.convection.
D.radiation.
C.convection.
Cara and Chuck were looking at pond water through a microscope. They saw small square crystals in their slide. Cara wondered what it was. Chuck said it could not be any living thing because it was not
A.round.
B.moving.
C.small enough.
D.made of cells.
D.made of cells.
A storm that gets its energy from warm, humid air at the ocean’s surface is called a
A.blizzard.
B.hurricane.
C.thunderstorm.
D.tornado.
B.hurricane.
Which situation best shows the interaction between the cryosphere and hydrosphere?
A.Wind erosion forms sand dunes in the desert.
B.Earthquakes shake the ground near a coastline.
C.Plants release oxygen during photosynthesis.
D.Ice sheets melt and add freshwater to the ocean.
D.Ice sheets melt and add freshwater to the ocean.
Billy left some rocks outside in the Sun. After many hours, they got hot. When he went inside for the night, he left them outside.
What will happen to the rocks as they stay out all night?
A.The rocks will cool off without sunlight.
B.The Moon will take the heat from the rocks.
C.The darkness will make the rocks stay warm.
D.The rocks will hold onto the heat from the Sun.
A.The rocks will cool off without sunlight.
How would the global climate be different if more of Earth was covered by land than water?
A.The climate would be more extreme than it is today.
B.There would be no winds in the Northern Hemisphere.
C.The climate would be more moderate than it is today.
D.There would be no rainfall in the Northern Hemisphere.
A.The climate would be more extreme than it is today.
How do all organisms maintain homeostasis when there is unwanted material and waste in the cell or cells of the organism?
A.The organism keeps the waste for use as energy and food for later.
B.The organism allows all cells with too much waste to die.
C.The organism removes the waste through cellular functions.
D.The organism uses the unwanted material to make a new cell.
C.The organism removes the waste through cellular functions.
What happens to water at the ocean’s surface as it moves from the Arctic Ocean toward the equator?
A.The water warms, causing its density to decrease.
B.The water warms, causing its density to increase.
C.The water warms, causing its humidity to decrease.
D.The water warms, causing its humidity to increase.
A.The water warms, causing its density to decrease.
How does the sun provide energy to drive the earth's weather phenomena?
A.Temperate conduction from the sun drives the weather.
B.The sun's UV radiation warms the air, land, and water.
C.Emissions from the sun define the earth's energy core.
D.Gamma dispersion cools the atmosphere, land, and water.
B.The sun's UV radiation warms the air, land, and water.
The Cell Theory states that
A.all living things are made of cells.
B.all cells have only one nucleus.
C.plants do not have cells.
D.only animals have cells.
A.all living things are made of cells.
Cheetahs are the fastest land animals!
How fast an object is moving is its
A.direction.
B.motion.
C.position.
D.speed.
D.speed.
What is the primary function of the cell membrane in maintaining homeostasis?
A.It provides structural support.
B.It controls the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.
C.It produces energy for the cell.
D.It stores genetic information.
B.It controls the movement of molecules in and out of the cell.
During the summer months, the sun warms tropical ocean waters and a large amount of water evaporates into the air. Which of these weather events will MOST LIKELY will occur?
A.blizzard
B.hurricane
C.tornado
D.tsunami
B.hurricane