Background Information and how the issue of slavery was handled.
important member of the American Anti-Slavery Society was _____________________________
Frederick Douglass
In 1820→ compromise was created
Maine would be created as a free state (ensure balance)
Missouri would be a slave state.
No slavery in the Louisiana Purchase Territory, north of the 36’30 line.
Missouri Compromise
This was apart of the Compromise of 1850. This appeased the Southerners and upset those in the North. People had to assist the capture of runaway slaves.
Fugitive Slave Act
This case involved a slave in Missouri, was taken into free territory by his owner. He was then taken back into a slave state. He sued based on the fact that once he was in a free state that should make him free.
Dred Scott V. Sanford
This was the first Southern State to seceed from the Union. "United States"
South Carolina
____________________________. – Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Cherokee. Andrew Jackson disregards this and it leads to the Trail of Tears.
Worcester vs. GA (Georgia)
This was a conflict the United States had with Mexico after years of arguing.
Mexican-American War
It was an informal series of networks of those willing to help fugitive slaves evade capture and make their way to Freedom.
Underground Railroad
This Democratic President supported the Dred Scott ruling, applies the ruling to the issues in Kansas. This split his party.
James Buchanan
These were the seven deep southern states that seceeded and created the "Confederate States of America."
South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, and Texas.
___________________________ – the President vowed that the US would not interfere with any existing European colonies in the Western Hemisphere BUT would not permit any European country from establishing new colonies in the Western Hemisphere
The Monroe Doctrine
In 1846, David Wilmot, a northern Democrat, proposed to the House of Representatives that slavery should be excluded from any territory gained from Mexico. WHAT WAS THIS CALLED?
Wilmot Proviso
1852, a novel written by Harriet Beecher Stowe. Showed the atrocities of slavery Helped northern sympathy for slaves.
Uncle Tom's Cabin
This Democratic Senator from Illinois did not agree with the Dred Scott Ruling. Due to the fact it contradicted his policy of “popular sovereignty”—the idea that settlers should decide if slavery is allowed in a territory. Publicly challenged the court’s decision, while privately arguing with Buchanan. His opposition created a lasting rift within the Democratic Party.
Stephen Douglas
This person was chosen to be "President" of the Confederacy.
Jefferson Davis
______________________________________– Henry Clay's plan to increase federal involvement in the economy
American System
A state had the right to overrule or nullify any federal law deemed unconstitutional.
Nullification Crisis
Southerners supported it not because of slavery but because of the building of the Southern Railroad to the Pacific.
The Gadsden purchase
This is proposed by Stephen Douglas after Popular Sovereignty is overruled by the Dred Scott decision.
Freeport Doctrine
This was THE LAST compromise attempt prior to the war. It included: six constitutional amendments designed to address the slavery issue and keep the Southern states in the Union.
The most important parts:
Restore the Missouri Compromise line (36°30′ latitude) to divide free and slave states.
This line would now extend all the way to the Pacific Ocean.
Protect slavery in states where it already existed, meaning it could not be abolished there.
The Crittenden Compromise
In 1831, _______________________________, a slave in Virginia, led a slave revolt in which 55 white people were killed.
Abolitionists were blamed for inciting trouble among slaves.
Nat Turner
______________________________________:
Proposed by Henry Clay
California was admitted as a free state
Utah and New Mexico are organized as territories, with no slavery restrictions.
The slave trade ended in Washington, D.C.
A more strict Fugitive Slave Act was passed.
Texas surrendered land to New Mexico, and Congress paid the $10 million Texas owed.
The Compromise of 1850
Senator Stephen Douglas introduced this in January 1854.
Senator Atchinson of Missouri would agree to support the bill IF:
Repeals the Missouri Compromise
divided the Nebraska territory into two, Kansas and the South, and Nebraska in the North.
Kansas-Nebraska Act
This is the location of John Brown's raid where he hoped to arm slaves in order for them to fight a revolution for their freedom. This will also be the place where Robert E. Lee captures John Brown.
Harpers Ferry, VA (Virginia)
This was one of the last attempts to stop secession and preserve the Union. Its main idea: Congress would be banned from interfering with state institutions—especially slavery. This was meant to protect slavery where it already existed.
The Corwin Amendment of 1861