Allies to Adversaries
President Harry Truman made stopping the spread of communism, also known as this, official United States foreign policy in 1947.
What is containment?
North and South Korea were initially split into two occupation zones with this geographical line serving as the border.
What is the 38th parallel?
Name of the military doctrine that ensured the use of nuclear weapons by both sides would lead to total annihilation for everyone involved.
What is Mutual Assured Destruction? (M.A.D.)
This married couple was found guilty of espionage and executed by electric chair for allegedly giving the Soviets information about nuclear weapons.
Who were the Rosenbergs?
The name of the traditional family structure (working husband, stay-at-home wife, and their children) that was popularized in 1950s culture.
What is a nuclear family?
The name of President Truman's domestic reform program that included policies like the G.I. Bill and the Housing Act.
What is the Fair Deal?
Winston Churchill officially gave the physical and ideological divide between East and West Europe this metaphoric title during his famous speech in Missouri.
What is the iron curtain?
This country officially established a Soviet-aligned communist regime under the leadership of Mao Zedong after the end of their lengthy civil war in 1949.
China
President Eisenhower's strategy of pushing conflicts to the edge of war to force the opponent to back down.
What is brinkmanship?
This senator used the fear and paranoia surrounding communists and Soviet spies as a way to boost his career and take down political adversaries.
Who was Joseph McCarthy?
The postwar trend known as this, during which birth rates skyrocketed, saw 4 million babies added to the population every year between 1946 and 1964.
The term for President Eisenhower's political standpoint that was seen as being more moderate since it included both liberal and conservative agendas.
What is dynamic conservatism?
At the Yalta Conference, plans were drawn up by the "Big Three" (FDR, Churchill, and Stalin) to divide Germany and Berlin into four of these...
What is an occupation zone?
(Other acceptable answer: sphere of influence)
This General, known for his history of insubordination, led UN forces after the invasion of South Korea in 1950.
Who was Douglas MacArthur?
The United States' lack of working Inter-Continental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) in comparison to the Soviet Union.
What is the missile gap?
This is the name of the Congressional committee tasked with investigating anyone accused of disloyalty or subversion against America.
What is House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC)?
Levittown, New York was the first housing development built during the rise of these...
What are suburbs?
In the 50s, contracted workers in this program experienced poor working conditions and discriminatory treatment.
What is the bracero program?
In order to halt the rapid development of West Berlin, Joseph Stalin ordered one of these on the city in 1948.
What is a blockade?
He was the first leader of North Korea (formally called the Democratic People's Republic of Korea).
One of these high altitude reconnaissance aircrafts was shot down over Soviet territory, which led to the exposure of U.S. spy operations on Soviet developments.
What is a U-2?
Senator Joseph McCarthy primarily targeted this industry of with accusations of communist ties.
What is Hollywood?
Society saw a rise in this due to the thriving postwar economy, increasing population, and targetted advertisement/marketing tactics.
What is consumerism?
The efforts to revitalize run-down areas in inner cities and bring in new housing, businesses, and neighborhoods.
What is "Urban Renewal?"
This was the central principle of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) that was meant to protect its members from communist aggression.
What is collective security?
(Other acceptable answers: mutual defense, collective defense)
President Truman was adamant about avoiding the use of nuclear weapons, or keeping to this type of war, against Chinese/North Korean forces.
What is limited war?
This was the name of the first satellite launched into space by the Soviet Union.
What is Sputnik?
The names of actors, writers, or directors who were accused of being communists would be added to this, which made it virtually impossible for them to find work.
What is the Hollywood blacklist?
This movie, starring James Dean and Natalie Wood, exemplifies the trend of juvenile delinquency and generational misunderstanding.
What is Rebel Without A Cause?
The name of the U.S. government policy aimed at ending federal supervision over American Indian tribes
What is Termination?
The Soviet Union and its satellite states responded to this significant event by forming their own military alliance called the Warsaw Pact.
What is the entrance of West Germany into NATO?
Because of the armistice (ceasefire) in 1953, the border between North and South Korea has been established as this, which it remains as today.
What is the De-Militarized Zone (DMZ)?
The American education system began to prioritize better quality education in these subjects to help the nation keep up with the Soviet Union during the arms race.
What is STEM? (Science, Tech, Engineering, Math)
The era of McCarthyism is often compared to this major event in American history because of false accusations, brutal tactics, and and life-ruining consequences.
What are the Salem Witch Trials?
This group rejected the sterile and conformist nature of 1950s culture by advocating for more diversity, spontaneity, and creative expression within society.
Who are the beatniks?
The Civil Rights Bill within President Truman's "Fair Deal" unsuccessfully attempted to make lynching a federal crime and eliminate these, which had historically been used to deter African Americans from voting.
What are poll taxes?