Orthotics
Prosthetics
Clinical Assessment
Spinal
Misc.
100
What is one crucial step to do before donning and after doffing a patient's orthosis?
Skin Check
100
How many degrees of flexion should a TF socket be in bench alignment?
5-10* or 5* above contraction
100
What does TUG stand for and how do you conduct it?
Time up and go.
time it takes a person to rise from a chair, walk 3 meters, turn, walk back and sit back down
100
What manual test is done to measure scoliosis?
Adams Bending Test
100
How do you know if a knee is stable?
If the weight line is anterior to the knee center
200
If a patient is getting a lot of tibial progression (knee extended in midstance), what adjustment can be done to help?
Adding heel lift in the shoe
200
If the pylon is leaning anteriorly, what adjustment should be done to fix it and how should that be done?
Plantarflex the foot, loosen distal anterior and tighten distal posterior
200
What is an alternate test for MMT for plantarflexors?
Single leg calf raises
200
What are two examples of an anti-lordotic brace?
Jewett and CASH
200
What is the difference between Thomas and modified Thomas and the muscles that they test?
modified: knees off table and bent
regular - iliopsoas, modified - rectus femoris
300
What is the foam that should be used with diabetics for foot orthotics
Pelite
300
If the prosthetic foot has foot drop, what is the likely cause?
heel bumper is too soft
300
How do you conduct a Thomas test and what does it test for?
Iliopsoas tightness
Patient supine, raise both knees toward chest and straighten one leg while holding other toward chest.
Positive if leg is off table or back is off table
300
How do you specify if a scoliosis curve is thoracic, thoracolumbar, or lumbar?
Where the apex is located - thoracolumbar are only T12 or L1 apex
300
How do you find knee center?
Adductor tubercle and medial tibial plateau, split the difference, 60% posterior, 40% anterior
400
How high should the proximal trimline be?
2 cm below the neck of the fibula head
400
Where should the foot be placed on transtibial unilateral alignment?
1/2" inset
400
What is the difference in patient position for Lachman's and anterior
Lachman's: 20-30* knee flexion
Anterior Drawer: 90*
400
name the 5 mechanisms of control
3 point pressure system, intra-abdominal pressure, end point control, kinesthetic reminder, total contact
400
Name 2/3 of the cervico-thoracic orthoses
SOMI, minerva, HALO
500
If a patient wearing an AFO has excessive knee valgus during gait, what adjustment can be done to to return them to a more neutral alignment?
Add a medial pad
500
If the transfemoral patient's heel raises on the lateral side during toe off, what side whip is this called and how should it be fixed?
Lateral whip, externally rotate the knee just distal to the socket.
500
What is the myotome associated with dorsiflexors
L4
500
What is spondylolysis?
small fracture or crack of pars interarticularis of the vertebral arch of vertebrae 
500
At what level is a Lisfranc amputation?
amputation at the tarso-metatarsal junction