Vocabulary
A push or a pull
What is a contact force?
Has the greatest effect on total energy in a collision
What is speed?
The force that results in tiny collisions between an object and air particles
What is air resistance?
This makes materials like foam or bubble wrap good cushioning materials
What is empty space or pockets of air?
This word describes what happens when two objects hit or bump into each other.
What is a collision?
The amount of matter in an object
What is mass?
What is also true when the mass of an object is doubled in a collision.
What is: the force or energy also doubles?
The force that results from particles sliding past each other when two objects touch
What is friction?
The maximum amount of deformation an object can withstand, beyond which it will deform permanently.
What is elastic limit?
This tends to be the most destructive type of collision
What is collision type C when both objects are moving?
The energy of motion
What is kinetic energy?
What is also true when the speed of an object is doubled in a collision.
What is: the force or energy is squared? (The force is quadrupled)
When two objects interact, each one feels a force from the other. The forces are equal in strength and opposite in direction. This idea comes from which of Newton’s laws?
What is Newton's 3rd law?
A bike helmet’s wide, padded shell protects your head because it distributes the impact over a larger area, which lowers this at each point of contact and reduces damage.
What is amount of force?
The launcher in our cart system has this (before it's launched)
What is stored or potential energy?
A contact force between a moving object and something it is sliding against.
What is friction?
When two objects collide, this is true of the peak force each one applies to the other.
What is “They apply an equally strong maximum force on each other”?
When a faster-moving object hits a slower one, it often transfers this to the slower object.
What is energy?
Engineers might assume that cramming a cushioning material tighter with ever-smaller gaps will soften an impact, but this denser packing can actually do this to the peak force.
What is increasing peak forces?
The forces that act on your egg during the egg drop
What is gravity, air resistance, friction, and contact force (when egg meets the pavement)?
To change the shape of an object or bend it due to
applied forces
What is deform?
In the unit, students learn that an object with more of this is harder to speed up or slow down.
What is mass? (Bigger objects are harder to speed up or slow down)
Friction and air resistance both push on a moving object in this direction relative to its motion.
What is opposite? Or what is against the direction the object is moving?
Materials that reduce peak forces by increasing total time of a collision
What are thicker materials?
The variable you measure in an experiment
What is the dependent variable