Unit #2: The Cell
Part of the cell membrane that is hydrophilic
What is a phosphate group?
The four most common elements found in all living things
What are Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen?
This process moves water from areas of high water (solvent) concentration to areas of low water (solvent) concentraion
What is osmosis?
Nucleic Acids - DNA and RNA - are both made of these repeating subunits.
What are nucleotides?
Area of the cell where the reactions of photosynthesis occur
What is the chloroplast?
Type of cells that do NOT contain a nucleus
What is a prokaryote?
This molecule of life is important for providing energy for cells, commonly known as sugars.
What are carbohydrates?
Water moving by osmosis will move through these protein channels in the cell membrane
What are aquaporins?
Nitrogen bases pair complementary in the DNA molecule. This nitrogen base is the complementary pair for Adenine in the DNA molecule.
What is THYMINE?
Area of the cell where the reactions of cell respiration occur?
What is the mitochondria?
The part of the cell that is between the cell membrane and nucleus. It is made mostly of water and protein molecules
What is the cytoplasm?
This molecule of life is found in the body as important structures like hair, skin or fingernails. It is also used as enzymes, antibodies or other important functions in the body
What are proteins?
This cell transport mechanisms involves energy and membrane proteins and moves molecules and ions from areas of low concentration to high concentration
What is Active Transport?
This cell structure is where the RNA molecule will bind so that a specific protein will be produced.
What is a ribosome?
The reactants of photosynthesis
What are water and carbon dioxide?
This structure is found in both prokaryotic and plant cells but is made of different molecules in each.
What is the cell wall?
This molecule contains all the genetic information needed to create proteins. It can also act as a genetic messenger.
What are Nucleic Acids?
The type of solution in which water will move into a cell due to a higher concentration gradient outside of the cell
What is a hypotonic solution?
The nucleotide of a nucleic acid is made up of these three molecules.
What is a sugar, phosphate group and a nitrogen base?
The reactions of photosynthesis can not occur without this pigment in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
What is chlorophyll?
Area of the cell where all the DNA is stored, found only in eukaryotic cells
What is the nucleus?
This molecule is important for formation of the cell membrane and is also used for long term energy storage in the body
What are lipids
This cell transport mechanism moves molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. It does not require energy, but does use membrane proteins.
What is facilitated diffusion?
An amino acid chain with a new or different amino acid added to the sequence will function differently due to this.
What is protein folding?
These reactions will occur after glycolysis in cells that do not have oxygen and produce ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
What is fermentation?