Osteoarthritis
What is osteoarthritis?
Articular cartilage destruction/breakdown
What is another name for Osteoarthritis?
Degenerative Joint Disease- DJD
Teenagers/young adults
What exercises are the most beneficial to maintain bone mass? (2)
Impact and resistance exercises
What is Osteoporosis?
Reduction in bone mass through demineralization of bone matrix.
What joints are typically impacted by Osteoarthritis? (3)
Smaller joints
Knees
Ankles
What are the three main clinical manifestations of Osteroarthritis?
Pain
Stiffness
Functional Impairment
Which gender is more at risk for secondary Osteoporosis?
Men
What is the largest secondary injury from Osteoporosis?
Fracture
What ethnicities are at the highest risk of developing Osteoporosis? (3)
Asian
Caucasian
African American
What is an osteophyte?
Bone Spur
How rapidly does Osteoarthritis onset?
Slow Insidious onset, progressing over multiple years
What lifestyle modifications should be made to reduce the risk of acquiring OA/OP? (4)
Reduce caffeine
Tobacco Products
Carbonated soft drinks
ETOH
What cells build bones up?
Osteoblasts
What cells break bone down?
Osteoclasts
Having these traits puts patients at risk for developing Osteoarthritis.
History of previous injuries
Genetic Predisposition
Certain Diseases
What type of exercise can help reduce Osteoarthritis symptoms?
Low impact, aerobic exercises.
What diagnostic test can identify the severity of Osteoporosis?
BONUS QUESTION
What does it stand for?
DEXA Scan
Dual Energy X-ray Absorption
What population is most at risk of developing Osteoporosis?
Small framed women
What nutritional factors influence the risk of developing Osteoporosis? (3)
Adequate Calories
Calcium
Vitamin D
These populations are at highest risk of developing Osteoarthritis. (5)
Older adults
Females
Obese patients
Occupations requiring strenuous labor
Patients who play sports
What is the front-line medication for osteoarthritis?
APAP
What Labs should we monitor in Osteoporosis? (3)
Serum Calcium
Phosphate
Urine calcium Excretion
What are the characteristics of bones affected by Osteoporosis? (3)
Porous
Brittle
Fragile
What is the most common type of fracture associated with Osteoporosis?
Compression Fractures
What is the main nursing goals for patients with Osteoarthritis? (2)
Optimal functioning ability
Pain management
What are other pharmacologic options? (4)
NSAIDS
Steroids
Opioids
Glucosamine and Chondrotin
What medications can lead to Secondary Osteoporosis? (6)
Phenytoin
Thyroid Replacement
Antiestrogens
Androgen Inhibitors
SSRIs
PPIs
What bones are typically fractured in patients with Osteoporosis? (3)
Thoracic Vertebrae
Lumbar Vertebrae
Hip Fractures
BONUS QUESTION
What is wolfs law?
Bone builds up along lines of stress and is broken down along lines of no stress.