Let's Talk About FRAX, Baby!
The FRAX tool was developed to estimate this.
What is the 10-year fracture risk for a given patient?
This has already occurred by the age of 19 in females.
What is peak bone mass?
The age recommended to begin screening for osteoporosis in women, if no risk factors exist.
What is 65 years old?
The four bisphosphonates approved for the treatment of osteoporosis.
What are alendronate, risedronate, ibandronate, and zoledronic acid?
A type of medication that is only used for the prevention of osteoporosis and is not FDA-approved for treatment.
What is hormone therapy (estrogens with or without progestins, and estrogen + bazedoxifene)?
The time interval that the USPSTF recommends to repeat testing after an initial normal BMD test result.
What is 4-8 years?
This behavior is a risk factor for osteoporosis and can also cause many types of cancer.
What is smoking?
The two nutritional components that are important for bone quality.
What are calcium and vitamin D?
The only test that has been validated to diagnose osteoporosis.
What is a DEXA scan? (Or bone densitometry)
This is the only selective estrogen receptor modulator that is FDA-approved for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.
What is raloxifene?
Medications that may be used as initial treatment in patients with very high risk of fracture.
What are teriparatide (Forteo), abaloparatide (Tymlos) and romosozumab (Evenity)?
The most common side effects of bisphosphonates.
What are musculoskeletal aches and pains, GI irritation, and esophageal reflux and irritation?
Treatment for osteoporosis should be considered when the risk of major osteoporotic fracture is this in the next 10 years.
What is >/= 20%?
These two cells work together to remodel and repair bone.
What are osteoclasts and osteoblasts?
The BMD (bone mineral density) measurement of a patient compared to a young, healthy cohort.
What is the T-score?
This osteoporosis treatment is typically administered via nasal spray.
What is calcitonin?
Fractures which ibandronate has not been shown to prevent.
What are hip and nonvertebral fractures?
A monoclonal antibody which is a sclerostin-binding inhibitor.
What is romosozumab? (Evenity)
This autoimmune disease increases your risk for osteoporosis.
What is rheumatoid arthritis?
The bony sites imaged in a DEXA scan.
What are the lumbar spine and the hip?
The BMD (bone mineral density) of a patient compared with the BMD of women her own age.
What is the Z-score?
Parathyroid hormone analogs used to treat osteoporosis.
What are teriparatide and abaloparatide?
A treatment that should follow initial therapy with an anabolic agent.
What is an antiresorptive medication/agent?
The maximum duration of treatment with bisphosphonates for low-to-moderate risk women.
5 years for oral meds, 3 years for zoledronic acid.
Treatment for osteoporosis should be considered when the risk of hip fracture is this is over the next 10 years.
What is >/= 3%?
A clinical event which is an indication for treatment of osteoporosis.
What is a fragility fracture?
The T-score range for osteopenia.
What is <-1.0 to >-2.5?
A RANK ligand inhibitor used to treat osteoporosis especially in women with high risk of fracture.
What is denosumab?
Treatment is restricted to 2 years for parathyroid hormone analogs due to possible risk of this.
What is osteosarcoma?
The best treatment options for women with osteoporosis with high risk of hip fracture.
What are the bisphosphonates (with the exception of ibandronate), denosumab, and romosozumab?