Typical Development
Typical motor development happens in these progressions.
Cephalad to caudal, proximal to distal, gross to fine motor (bonus points: give an example)
The role of orthoses for children with CP
Improve overall function.
OT intervention for this disorder includes assisting in directing energy into appropriate activities, clearly defining acceptable behaviors, reinforcing appropriate behaviors
Conduct disorder
Placing the infant in the prone position facilitates these skills.
Hand strength, neck and trunk extension.
A COTA may use this approach when working with children with sensory processing challenges under supervision of an OTR.
Sensory Integration approach
Equilibrium
Sitting without support in anterior propping comes before this sitting position.
Sitting without support with lateral propping.
OT intervention for an adolescent with this disorder with a goal to improve participation in leisure time experiencing feelings of isolation and withdrawal would include activities with peers.
Major depressive disorder
For a student with JRA that has difficulty completing school work, this client factor (symptom) may interfere with their participation in the classroom.
Decreased ROM
A handling technique to increase tone, alertness, and activity level in a young client with low muscle tone, flat emotions, and poor attention.
Facilitation: light moving, tapping, fast vestibular input, heavy joint compression, quick movements, variable movements, upbeat music, etc.
Accommodations for a child who has tactile defensiveness that impacts the child getting dressed (name at least one)
Allow child to pick out clothing, cut out tags, wash new clothing.
Services must be related to the student's educational needs in this setting.
School-based
An infant of this age range can: roll from prone to supine, get into quad position, complete head control, transfer objects while in supine, reaches with one hand, uses radial palmar grasp, reaches to be picked up
6-8 months
A reaction or response that is a frequently seen problem in children with CP.
Disorder in females that includes seizures, not walking, and hand wringing.
Rett syndrome
Feet flat on the floor and the desk slightly above the elbows.
Type of sensory processing disorder that could cause a child to complain of the feeling of new clothes, hating noises in the car, is easily irritated by movements of others, picky eater.
Sensory modulation disorder
When working with families it is important to do this when developing intervention plans for the client.
Collaborate
Typical feeding skills of a 3 year old child.
An adolescent with this level of intellectual disability may be able to perform habitual self-care skills, participate in some vocational training with supervision and may live in a group home with extensive supervision.
Severe
Secondary disorder developed by children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy that causes spinal curvature.
Scoliosis
Most important consideration when positioning a client with spastic quadriplegia for participation in a family activity.
Getting the head in an upright position
Disorder present when a child has poor balance, low muscle tone, does not cross midline. Has difficulty riding a bicycle. May be slouched when sitting. May have difficulty reading and copying from the board.
Postural-ocular disorder
An OT practitioner uses occupation in this manner when they have a child color and make shapes with play dough to increase hand strengthening.
Occupation as a tool to strengthen their hands.
At this age a child can put on their clothes knowing right and wrong side, zip pants and buckle belts
4 years old
This type of muscle tone may impact postural alignment and limited joint ROM.
Hypertonic
Intervention for a child with a TBI includes at least one of these
Motor, cognitive, and emotional changes.
Best position to support a client with low muscle tone that causes fatigue when working against gravity participate in fine motor play.
Seated in a chair with good trunk support
Sensory shut down
Facilitating the ability of the child to engage in occupations while supporting medical stability for discharge is the goal of OT in this setting.
Medical-based OT
Cognitive development of adolescents includes these components (name at least one to get the points)
Thinking becomes abstract, creative, and complex, they learn consequences of actions
Intervention based on theory of learned nonuse and requires children to try to use the affected hand.
Constraint-induced movement therapy
Difficulty with tying shoes, challenges in school, falling or bumping into things and performing poorly in sports, but typical cognitive development describes this disorder.
Developmental Coordination Disorder
A gross motor activity and position that encourages shoulder co-contraction and endurance.
Wheelbarrow walking
This FOR is used in a treatment session by engaging a child in motor activities to improve postural control, strength, and processing and it may include an activity to find objects hidden in rice and sand.
Sensory integration
This part of the brain is affected when the child has difficulty controlling speed and accuracy of movements and shows inaccurate reach and grasp
Cerebellum