You are write!
You Ain't Write!
I know that's write!
Write On!
Writely So!
100
This system gives us the ability to feel the pencil and manipulate it without looking at it.
What is the tactile system?
100
Handwriting difficulties
What is the most frequent reason for referral to OT in the school setting?
100
The ankle, knee and hip at right (90 degrees) angles with the forearms resting on the desk. The top of the desk should be approximately 2 inches above the elbows when the arms are at the student's side
What is the optimal position for handwriting?
100
The ability to recognize that letters are constant when they are moved, are written in different sizes, or turned. A square is always a square. (Recalling the shape of a yield sign).
What is form constancy?
100
Working items to the from the palm of the hand to the fingers without dropping
What is shifting?
200
Deficiency in this skill may be manifested by the following: not knowing the position of one’s arms and hands, or what the fingers are doing or feeling, or how much pressure needs to be applied to the pencil). May bear down to hard or not hard enough
What is proprioception?
200
Illegibility Speed of writing Letter formation issues Horizontal alignment Size Spacing Slant
What are types of handwriting difficulties?
200
Letter reversals Complains that eyes itch or hurt Turns head or holds paper at odd angles Closes one eye while working Cannot copy accurately Loses place on page Does not recognize object if only part of it is shown Holds pencil too tightly, often breaks crayons Struggles to cut or paste Mess papers with misaligned letters and irregular spacing
What are symptoms of visual perception problems?
200
Ability to identify the foreground from the background. (identifying words on lined paper, or finding hidden objects in a drawing).
What is figure ground?
200
Using only the fingers, walking the hand from the lead end of the pencil to the eraser end without external stabilization
What is translation?
300
Figuring out how to move and then actually doing the action
What is motor planning?
300
Motor Sensory Perceptual Cognitive
What are four types of skills needed for handwriting handwriting?
300
Decrease amount of written work needed, Buddy system (child dictates journal entries, etc, to a peer), Tape recorders, Seating, Computer word processing Written list of homework/checklist of books that need to go home, More time to complete assignments, Grade on content rather than writing mechanics, Modifying tests (oral rather than written spelling tests),Handedness, Using keyboarding if interventions fail
What are classroom accomodations?
300
Being able to identify a letter from it’s incomplete appearance (like knowing it’s your jacket when you only can see part of it in a pile of clothing).
What is visual closure
300
Turning the pencil from the lead end to the eraser end without putting the pencil down on the table or using the chest to stabilize the pencil while turning
What is rotation?
400
This disorder is also known as a writing disability?
What is dysgraphia?
400
Ability to detect a difference or distinction between one item and another (which picture is not like the others?)
What is discrimination?
400
Five finger grasp: The pencil is held with the tips of all five fingers. The movement when writing is primarily on the fifth finger side of the hand. Thumb tuck grasp: The pencil is held in a tripod or Quadripod grasp but with the thumb tucked under the index finger. Thumb wrap grasp: The pencil is held in a tripod or Quadripod grasp but with the thumb wrapped over the index finger. Tripod grasp with closed web space: The pencil is held with the tip of the thumb and index finger and rests against the side of the third finger. The thumb is rotated toward the pencil, closing the web space. Finger wrap or inter digital brace grasp: The index and third fingers wrap around the pencil. The thumb web space is completely closed. Flexed wrist or hooked wrist: The pencil can be held in a variety of grasps with the wrist flexed or bent. This is more typically seen with left-hand writers but is also present in some right-hand writers.
What are types of inefficient grasp patterns?
400
Standardized Nonstandardized Clinical Assessment
What are three general types of assessments?
400
Because it’s better to have one hand that is does things very well than two mediocre hands.
What is the reason for the need of hand dominance?
500
This skill involves remembering the motor patterns that have been learned and being able to repeat them
What is motor memory?
500
The ability to remember a shape or word and recall when necessary. Remember how to form letters, numbers, shapes, spelling, and writing multidigit numbers.
What is visual memory?
500
A child who often leans or slouches in his chair or props himself on his arms likely has this.
What is decreased trunk strength?
500
Vertical and horizontal lines – age 2 to 3 years Circles and intersecting lines – age 3 to 4 years Diagonal lines and ability to form shapes – age 4 to 6 years
What is the developmental sequence for handwriting skills?
500
Result in poor letter formation, fatigue, and poor handwriting. The strain and contraction of wrist and finger muscles may cause pain and fatigue.
What are inefficient grasp patterns?
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