Upper Extremity/Mental Health
If someone were to experience an injury to their median nerve, which test would be appropriate in helping to determine the damage?
Ulnar – lateral pinch paper test
Clawing occurs
Splint to block hyper extension of MPs (ring and pinki)
Radial – simultaneous extension of wrist and fingers
Splint provides support of wrist, MPs, and thumb extension
Median – Phalen’s test
Splint thumb in palmar abduction and slight opposition (functional position)
1. A pre-determinant for antisocial personality disorder, this disorder involves a complete lack of moral insight, intense physical aggression towards animals and people, crime and the causing of pain with no remorse, suspensions, and the frequent breaking of rules.
2. This differs from another disorder (name it) because this disorder can break rules, be irritable, outbursts likely, revengeful, and outright disrespect adults and people of authority, but incredibily rarely has any desire to hurt people and still has very present morals. This is usually in anability to cope with anger or outward depression.
1. Conduct disorder
2. Oppositional Defiant Disorder
Side effects of medication can be severe, what are some bad things that can happen in treating schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, and anxiety disorders? List them.
Schizophrenia: movement disorders, neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), <--flu like symptoms
Bipolar: lithium overdose, and possible chance of severe blood problems, require frequent blood testing
Depression: serotonin overdose, chance of increased suicidal ideation
Anxiety: drowsiness and a suppressed sympathetic nervous system, can make driving and operating machinery hard!
ADHD is the most common behavioral and cognitive disorder of children in the US. Which of the two types does it sound like Natalie has?
In class, Natalie taps her foot and squirms in her desk. She is quick to anger and teachers say "any little thing" has been known to set her off. Natalie has chronic insomnia at home and when she thinks of something she needs to do, she quickly gets out of bed and goes and does it (goes and puts something she forgot in her lunchbox, writes a note about something she forgot from lecture).
Predominately-Hyperactive Impulsive
The other, inattentive, regards disorganization, distractibility, and difficulty following directions being much more prominent.
1. Tell me the ranges of an IQ test meaning regarding disability?
2. A child who has the following capabilities:
Functioning at 2nd grade level, read simple text, ability to write name, understands basic money concepts, and can live in a community home with some supervision. Where would this be classified on the scale above?
1. 55-69 MILD
40-54 MODERATE
25-39 SEVERE
<25 PROFOUND
2. Moderate (40-54 IQ)
unilateral reach (using one arm to reach), skilled lead assist hand manipulations, asymmetrical not bilateral (ATNR), unilateral crude movements unilateral lead assist hand movements, symmetrical bilateral arms midline skills.
1. Asymmetrical not bilateral (ATNR) ((birth to three months))
2. Symmetrical and bilateral midline movements (two arms doing the same thing) (3 mnths to 10 mnths)
3. Unilateral crude hand movements (10-12 month reach)
4. 15-18 months Unilateral lead assist hand movements.
5. Early childhood and beyond, skilled lead assist hand manipulations (two hands doing two different things)
Gavin has an incredibly shaky self-image and has fallen in an out of relationships very quickly and always holds on longer to each one afterward. He has very intense anger outbursts and greatly fears abandonment and does everything he can to avoid this. He self harms and becomes incredibly dangerous to himself and others when his self-esteem is so low. WHat does it sound like he has?
Borderline Personality
Jenny witnessed a tornado wipe out her entire house and take the life of two of her children. For months and even years afterward, any time a thunderstorm occurs, she experiences intense heart rate, sweating, waves of terror, and an extremely strong desire to run and go find her remaining son and hold him. What kind of disorder does it sound like Jenny has?
Post-Traumatic Stress disorder
Maya's IQ has fallen at a score of 68, however, her achievement score on her math test falls well above 80. Would she most likely apply for extra special needs services? Explain why.
It is this discrepancy that counts, it must be a certain gap.
1. Refer to consciousness, sleep, temperament, personality, orientation, and drive.
2. Refer to:
attention, memory perception, thought, higher level cognition, the mental functions of language, calculation, mental functions of sequencing, complex movements, psychomotor ability, emotion, and experiences of self and time.
1. Global mental functions
2. Specific mental functions
Can a person have an obsession without a compulsion? And tell me their difference while you're at it.
Yes, can have either or both! OCD involves both usually.
Obsession is a preoccupation with thoughts that cause anxiety or intrude way too often
Compulsion is the actual doing of a behavior (locking a door 12 times, scrubbing a desk for germs everytime you place a hand on it)
The main difference between bulimia and anorexia revolves around the idea of what?
A bulimic person's idea of their body is normal. They do not perceive themselves as fat when they are actually skinny, they still have low self-esteem though, and purge and binge to maintain social situations and attempt to fix the problem.
An anorexic person could sit in front of a mirror for hours and view their calves, chin, and any form of skin they can pinch between their fingers as excruciatingly fat when they could virtually weigh less than 90 lbs. Their body image is horribly skewed and they cannot see this reality that is slowly killing them.
The DCSM-5 is like a dictionary for mental illness. You list your symptoms and compare them to a standard of norms and a "database" of all disorders currently classified and choose the one that fits your experience and symptoms best. The following diagnosis sounds like which mental illness we have learned about?
Deterioration in functioning from higher level to lower level
Duration of illness is at least 6 months
Have psychotic symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions
No mood disorder
Display positive and negative symptoms
Positive are - hallucinations, delusions, loosening of associations, grossly disorganized speech and behavior
Seen in active phase
Not good, positive means present
Negative are flat affect, anhedonia, avolition, deterioration in hygiene, social isolation, psychomotor slowing
Schizophrenia
these are the progressions, lowest to severe
Prodromal - level of function deteriorates
Active - psychotic symptoms present
Residual - remission of psychotic symptoms that are most disturbing….still might hear voices but calmer
A developmental learning disorder must not be due to visual or hearing impairments, motor difficulties, intellectual disability, or environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantages. (not CP for example).
A child with DCD (developmental coordination disorder) is not a physical, neurological, or sensory problem. The motor cortex did not develop appropriately. What are some symptoms of this?
poor writing skills (but no reading or talking deficits!)
increased time for self care, take much longer to do
Do every motion as "the first time" no learned and stored motor memory
perceptual and proprioception problems
Caffeine is a stimulant. If Alexa is already 6 coffees in, and feels nothing, this suggests she has quite a high________, yet not having these coffees leads to extreme dizziness and an absolute beast of a headache, which is called_____________
tolerance, withdrawal
Mental health causes include what? These are often comorbid (occur in accordance with each other)
In my personal experience, as well as much studying and discipline to find out answers, I'll explain it like this:
Some people's genetic disposition (chemistry in brain, DNA), personality, inborn temperament, and nature vs nurture already give them a higher chance of getting a mental health disorder (these could simply be, having a family (one generational away) member who has one, being more introverted in thinking, a deeply introspective thinker, a higher IQ, having a high emotional intelligence/empathy) AND/ OR give them a harder time recovering at a faster rate compared to someone not of these statistics.
THEN: There are outside sources to add or that could also cause it. Life circumstances. Stress, situations, family, poor social connections, low self-esteem, economic stress, pain, unfortunate situations, the timing of events, unresolved trauma and fear, and so many other factors than can fall on a person. I am a strong believer in both being very influential.
A combination of both of these, or honestly either, can create a problem
A group of congenital disorders characterized by progressive symmetrical wasting of skeletal muscles without neural or sensory defects is defined under the umbrella of?
The average lifespan of someone born with Duchenne's Muscular dystrophy is around what age, and what is a physical characteristic associated with this disease?
Muscular dystrophy.
30 yrs. Enlarged calf muscles.
Define agoraphobia.
The criteria to decide if something is substance abuse involves three things. List them.
Person fears being in unfamiliar places
Sometimes occurs with panic disorder
Public transportation, open spaces, closed spaces, crowd
Impaired control (experience withdrawal and tolerance), social impairment, and risky use.
1. An intellectual disability must be present before ____years of age. It has deficits in ______or more of these areas ADLs
communication
social participation
education
play/leisure
homemaking skills
and skills required to attain and maintain independence
2. Intellectual disability is determined in 3 ways, what are they?
1. 18/ two
Learning does occur, just must slower
2. IQ testing, adaptive functioning as compared with peers, mental age
anhedonia and avolition, respectively, are defined as what?
lack of emotion, feeling/ lack of drive, desire
Isla is unable to live independently. Her ability is not identified with any specific grade level and she may be able to work in a workshop and perform habitual activities and ADL's, but needs constant supervision. What level of severity, and SCORE, does it sound like Isla is performing at?
Severe, an IQ score of 25-39
Facisoscapularhumeral dystrophy affects what area of the body first?
Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis is from birth, not a result of overuse. It is known to affect which gender more?
Heavily increased fractures from within the womb and bowed lower legs are common symptoms of what disease? (This is type 1 btw, this disease has 4 types in decreasing severity).
facial muscles and neck and shoulders.
females.
osteogenesis imperfecta
Cummulative trauma disorders include common ones such as:
antisocial personality disorder is easy to treat, true or false?
tendonitis, nerve compression syndrome, carpal tunnel, Lateral epicondylitis, DeQuerveins, and, impingement
VERY FALSE. it is so hard to treat this, this person has gone untreated in a pain for far too long.
Hunter is asked to perform a task that he mastered in kindergarten, but now, in first grade, he is only able to continue doing that task as well as he could in kindergarten. He is currently working at the level of what in accordance with his intellectual disability?
his own mental age ( around a 5-year-old level)
teratogens, brain malformation, genetics, placental detachment, and toxins, drugs, and prescriptions all increase the chance of a child developing what?
anoxia or hypoxia, prematurity, and then neglect, infections, trauma or toxins and pollutants also increase this.
Developmental or intellectual disability due to prenatal problems.