All Natural
This herbal product must be stopped 10-14 days before surgery to reduce bleeding risk and is effective for hypertension
garlic (Allium)
What OTC ingredient should be avoided in children under 1 year due to botulism risk?
Honey
Which analgesic(s) is/are available as a suppository? Acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or both?
acetaminophen
This botanical supplement (Echinacea) is recognized by this common name
coneflower
This component of QuEST SCHOLAR-MAC is associated with questions such as "What improves it?" and "What have you already tried?"
R (Remitting)
This natural product is structurally similar to phenylephrine and is listed as a fat absorption blocker
Raspberry ketones
A 28 year old woman comes into the pharmacy complaining of constipation. What product is FIRST LINE in pregnancy that you can recommend to her for this?
Miralax/PEG 3350
To maintain safe dosing, pediatric Tylenol should be administered how often?
every 4-6 hours for acetaminophen/Tylenol
(every 6-8 hours for ibuprofen/Advil/Motrin)
This botanical supplement is marketed as an antiandrogen for BPH
Saw Palmetto (Serenoa repens)
A household teaspoon is notoriously inaccurate and can hold anywhere from 2-10 mL, whereas one standard metric teaspoonful is calibrated to this exact volume
5 mL
5 mL=1 tsp
15 mL= 1 tbsp
Individuals taking anticonvulsants or medications to lower seizure threshold should avoid use of this product that has been studied for menopause
Evening primrose oil
Girls younger than this age who present seeking OTC treatment for vaginal candidiasis must be referred to a pediatrician due to the condition's rarity
12 years
When calculating doses for pediatric fever or pain, Motrin should be dosed at this weight-based RANGE in mg/kg per dose
5-10 mg/kg
ibuprofen/Motrin/Advil: 5-10 mg/kg
acetaminophen/Tylenol: 10-15 mg/kg
Used as an OTC herbal remedy for mild-to-moderate depression, this is notorious for inducing CYP3A4 and causing numerous drug interactions
St. John's Wort (or Hypericum perforatum)
This common marketing scenario occurs when a manufacturer places a well-known brand name (like Dulcolax or Kaopectate) on products containing entirely different active ingredients/different intended uses
Brand name extension
*so, you should verify the active ingredient and intended use. do not go solely by the front label or brand name
Name 2 commonly used supplements for menopause (only list 2, both must be correct for points)
Black cohosh, Dong quai, Evening primrose oil, Soy, Red clover
This class of antibiotics is avoided in children under 8 years of age because they bind to calcium, causing tooth discoloration and bone growth suppression
tetracyclines
This is the maximum daily dose of acetaminophen for pediatric patients (put answer in mg/24 hours)
2400 mg/24 hours
(480 mg/dose x 5 doses/day=2400 mg/day)
Unlike combination birth control, Opill is available OTC and contains only this specific progestin (AKA what is the active ingredient in Opill)
Norgestrel
**not levonorgestrel (emergency contraceptive)-- know the difference!
Is this statement true or false? OTC drugs and supplements are required to have warnings about side effects or drug interactions
False, ONLY OTC drugs are required to have warnings about side effects or drug interactions. Supplements are NOT required to have these warnings.
These five dietary supplements, all starting with the letter G, are known to inhibit platelet aggregation or interact with anticoagulants, significantly increasing bleeding risk
Garlic, ginger, gingko biloba, Ginseng, Glucosamine
*some other ones that increase bleeding risk include fish oil, vitamin E, dong quai, willow bark (although they are not part of the 5 Gs)
As humans age, their bodies process drugs differently. Name 2 specific pharmacokinetic changes discussed in class that are seen in geriatric patients
Absorption: Increased GI secretions and motility, decreased surface area and blood flow, increased pH; Distribution: decreased total body water and muscle mass, increased body fat; Metabolism: decreased hepatic blood flow and enzyme activity; Elimination: decreased renal function
What are the concentrations for the following liquids (must get all of them right for points):
Infant's Tylenol/acetaminophen
Infant's Motrin/ibuprofen
Children's Tylenol/acetaminophen
Children's Motrin/ibuprofen
Infant's Tylenol/acetaminophen: 160 mg/5 mL (or 32 mg/1 mL)
Infant's Motrin/ibuprofen: 50 mg/1.25 mL
Children's Tylenol/acetaminophen: 160 mg/5 mL (or 32 mg/1 mL)
Children's Motrin/ibuprofen: 100 mg/5 mL (or 20 mg/1 mL)
Unlike Excedrin Extra Strength, Excedrin Tension Headache leaves out this ingredient (AKA what ingredient does Excedrin Extra Strength have that Excedrin Tension Headache does NOT have?)
Aspirin
Name 3 red-flags that would exclude a patient from self care
Symptoms lasting more than 7-10 days, Fever more than 3 days, Blood in stool/sputum, Unexplained weight loss, Severe pain, Pregnancy, Failure of prior OTC self-treatment, Severe symptoms, Persistent symptoms, Treatment failure, High risk patient, Unknown diagnosis