Motor Learning Theories
This motor learning theory is a multisensory approach (facilitation techniques are superimposed on movement patterns and postures through therapists manual contacts, verbal commands and visual cues). It integrates use of diagonal patterns.
PNF
3 ways that pressure sores can be prevented
Pressure relief schedule, skin inspections, adequate nutrition and hydration, specialized seat cushions, properly fitting clothing, routine turning in bed, protection of bony prominences.
The MVPT helps detect visual perceptual deficits apart from what other skill?
Motor Skills
You ask your client to read the name on your badge and also the name of the nurse on their communication board, which is about 20ft away. What are you assessing?
What anatomical structures should you be mindful of when fabricating a splint?
Bony prominences
For this motor learning approach, interventions include improving the quality of normal movement through weight bearing, using positions that encourage both sides of the body and avoiding sensory input that may adversely affect muscle tone.
NDT
Name 2 contraindications for use of NMES/FES.
● Active cancer - do not want to encourage cellular proliferation
● Any area where placement could affect a reflex center adversely (carotid
sinus, heart etc) or if it could negatively affect an implant
● Pregnancy - specifically the uterus
● Active DVT
● Over areas of active infection
● People with heat sensitivity
Implementing improved organization for laundry tasks can help individuals localize objects of similar colors against a disorganized background when experiencing what visual perceptual deficit?
figure-ground discrimination
A pt. is unable to recognize and identify familiar faces caused by lesions of the right posterior hemisphere, what condition is this?
prosopagnosia
What should you do with the humeral head prior to taping?
Reapproximate
Assumptions of this motor learning theory are that a patient must work through abnormal movement patterns to achieve normality.
Brunnstrom
3 types of adaptive equipment used for a client with a C1-C3 SCI
Breathing: Suction equipment, ventilators
Communication: mouth stick and AT (computer and communication board)
Daily tasks: Mouth stick, environmental control unit (ECU)
Mobility: power manual lift, electric or semi-electric hospital bed, power wheelchair
An individual you are assessing is having difficulty processing more than one thing at a time in your session focused on morning routine. You downgrade the activity to focus on a single task. What condition might they be experiencing?
Simultanagnosia
What visual skill do you utilize while reading?
Saccades
What position should the thumb and wrist be in to promote opening a tight hand?
What is thumb ABD and wrist extension?
In this motor learning approach, sensory stimulation is used to evoke a motor response. It also uses developmental postures to promote changes in muscle tone. Stimulation can be facilitatory or inhibitory.
The Rood Approach
2 interventions consideration priorities for clients in acute care setting with SCI
Joint integrity and positioning
Initiating self-care training and early mobilization
You are helping a client within their home environment and determine it would be beneficial to move their living room side table into another room. They have a spot next to their bed and the table can serve as a bedside table. However, when you move it, they no longer recognize that it's a table. What condition is this?
Form Constancy
What is the purpose of the visual hierarchy by Warren?
Higher level skills (visual attention and visual memory) are built on foundational skills of visual acuity, visual fields, and oculomotor control.
If a patient has a subluxation, what UE intervention provides proprioceptive input and assists with muscle contraction?
Weight-bearing
What Brunnstrom stage is expected, just before you would anticipate return of normal function?
Stage 1: Flaccidity
Stage 2: Spasticity appears
Stage 3: Spasticity increases
Stage 4: Spasticity decreases
Stage 5: Complex movement combinations
Stage 6: Spasticity disappears
Stage 7: Normal function returns
What is the purpose of integrating head rotations with a set gaze as a balance intervention?
Improves vestibular and ocular reflexes
An intervention consisting of providing a client with a picture of half of a house drawn and asking them to finish the picture would be a remedial intervention for what? The client has the motor skills to complete the task and are willing to try.
Constructional Apraxia
What's the highest, most complex skill on Mary Warren's visual hierarchy?
Adaptation through vision
A client has tightness in scapular depression - what would you stretch and what would you strengthen?
Stretching the trapezius lower and strengthening the levator scapula