Name one process that changes the Earth slowly and one that changes it quickly.
Slow changes- erosion, weathering, deposition
Fast changes- landslides, earthquakes, volcanoes
100
What is the name of the place where most volcanoes on Earth are found?
The Ring of Fire
100
What is the name of the place where many earthquakes happen? In which state is this place found?
The San Andreas fault, located near California.
100
What was the name of the large continent that made up the Earth long ago?
Pangaea
200
What are the four layers of the Earth from the outermost to the innermost?
Crust, mantle, outer core, and inner core
200
What is weathering?
When small pieces of rock get broken down and worn away.
200
What are the three types of volcanoes?
Active, dormant, and extinct.
200
What is a fault?
A break or crack in the Earth's crust.
200
What is the name of the scale scientists use to measure earthquakes?
The Richter Scale
300
What is the name of the large ocean wave that can form after an earthquake?
Tsunami
300
What is erosion?
When the broken down pieces of rock get carried away by wind, water, or ice.
300
What is one effect of a volcano eruption?
The air can be full of ash and dust.
300
What is one effect of an earthquake?
Buildings may fall to the ground from the shaking.
300
How do the plates on the Earth moving help to create new landforms?
The plates are always moving very slowly, so over time, this creates new landforms.
400
Thinking about earthquakes: What does the word epicenter mean? What does the word focus mean?
The epicenter is the place underground where the earthquake takes place. The focus is the place on the ground where the earthquake takes place. The focus is right above the epicenter.
400
Why would someone put big rocks along the edge of the beach near a lighthouse?
They would want to protect the beach and the lighthouse from erosion.
400
What is the difference between lava and magma?
Lava is magma when it reaches the surface of the Earth (after it meets the air). Magma is the molten rock inside the volcano.
400
What causes earthquakes?
The plates on the Earth move around.
400
How is the Earth different now than it was long ago?
Long ago, the continents were all connected to each other.
500
Why is the earth's surface always changing?
The plates on earth are constantly moving, which changes the earth. Also, processes like weathering, erosion, and deposition are always taking place.
500
How are weathering, erosion, and deposition all related to each other?
Weathering breaks rock down, erosion carries rock away, and deposition places it somewhere new.
500
What causes a volcano to erupt?
The magma inside the Earth comes up from the ground in a weak spot in the Earth's crust.
500
Why is a building located near the epicenter of an earthquake more likely to be destroyed during an earthquake than a building that is located farther away from the epicenter?
The effects of an earthquake are strongest at the epicenter, so a building near the epicenter is more likely to be ruined than a building that is farther away. The effects will not be as strong the farther away from the epicenter you go.
500
How do scientists know that the continents on Earth were once all connected to each other?
Scientists have found that the continents can all fit together like the pieces of a puzzle, so they know that at one time, the continents were all connected.